Pan et al. (2023) — Dynamic Compressive Behavior of High-Strength Engineered Geopolymer Composites

Citation

Pan, H., Xie, Z., Chen, G., Su, J., Zhuo, K., Chen, Z., Lin, J., Feng, C., & Guo, Y. (2023). Dynamic compressive behavior of high-strength engineered geopolymer composites. Journal of Building Engineering, 80, 108036.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.108036
• Atlas layer: core
• Related Victor Li book chapter: Chapter 4: Pseudo Strain-Hardening Criteria & Chapter 7: Alternative Reinforcing Fibers (PE Fiber Geometry) & Chapter 11: Structural Applications (Dynamic Impact and Protective Structures, pp. 385–420)
• Source PDF: pan-2023-dynamic-compressive-behavior-of-high-strength.pdf
• Extracted text: full_text/pan-2023-dynamic-compressive-behavior-of-high-strength_full_text.md
• Source note: source_notes/pan-2023-dynamic-compressive-behavior-of-high-strength_source_note.md

Why this paper matters

A comprehensive experimental study from Guangdong University of Technology investigating the dynamic high-strain-rate ($\dot{\epsilon} = 30\text{--}150\text{ s}^{-1}$) compressive response of high-strength PE-EGC using a 74 mm Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB), proving that 12 mm PE fibers yield the highest dynamic increase factor ($\text{DIF} = 1.95$) and formulating a modified CEB-FIP constitutive model for impact-resistant infrastructure.

Main contribution

• Investigates the dynamic compressive properties of room-temperature-cured high-strength fly ash/slag PE-EGC across strain rates from $30\text{ s}^{-1}$ to $150\text{ s}^{-1}$ using a 74 mm Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB).
• Systematically evaluates the effect of PE fiber length ($l_f = 6\text{ mm}, 12\text{ mm}, 18\text{ mm}$) at 2.0 vol. % on workability, static tension/compression, and dynamic impact resistance.
• Discovers that 12 mm PE fibers provide the optimal balance between spatial fiber dispersion and bridging aspect ratio, achieving a peak dynamic compressive strength of 142.5 MPa ($\text{DIF} = 1.95$) and superior energy absorption density.
• Proposes a modified CEB-FIP dynamic increase factor formulation incorporating fiber aspect ratio ($l_f/d_f$) for high-rate projectile and blast loading simulations.

Evidence summary

• Material Matrix: Class F Fly Ash + Grade S105 GGBFS (70:30 ratio), 10 M $\text{NaOH} + \text{Na}2\text{SiO}_3$ activator ($M_s = 2.3$), silica sand ($d_2$ retarder, $w/b = 0.25$.} = 126\ \mu\text{m}, S/B = 0.16$), $\text{BaCl
• Fiber Specifications: UHMWPE fibers ($V_f = 2.0\text{ vol. \%}, d_f = 24\ \mu\text{m}, \sigma_f = 3000\text{ MPa}, E_f = 100\text{ GPa}$) with lengths of 6 mm, 12 mm, and 18 mm.
• Quasi-Static Mechanical Properties:
• EGC-6mm: $f_c = 74.2\text{ MPa}$, $\sigma_u = 8.5\text{ MPa}$, $\epsilon_u = 5.2\%$.
• EGC-12mm: $f_c = 68.5\text{ MPa}$, $\sigma_u = 10.8\text{ MPa}$, $\epsilon_u = 8.1\%$.
• EGC-18mm: $f_c = 62.1\text{ MPa}$, $\sigma_u = 12.2\text{ MPa}$, $\epsilon_u = 9.4\%$.
• SHPB Dynamic Compressive Performance ($\dot{\epsilon} = 30\text{--}150\text{ s}^{-1}$):
• EGC-12mm achieved peak dynamic compressive strength $f_{c,dyn} = \mathbf{142.5\text{ MPa}}$ at $\dot{\epsilon} = 135\text{ s}^{-1}$ ($\text{DIF} = \mathbf{1.95}$).
• Energy absorption density: EGC-12mm dissipated $3.85\text{ MJ/m}^3$ (2.5x higher than unreinforced geopolymer matrix).
• Constitutive Modeling: Modified CEB-FIP DIF formula: $\text{DIF} = 1 + \alpha (l_f/d_f)^\beta (\dot{\epsilon}/\dot{\epsilon}_0)^\gamma$ with $R^2 > 0.94$.

Linked Atlas nodes

• 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md
• 04_material_systems/geopolymer_ecc.md
• 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md
• 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md
• 04_material_systems/pe_ecc.md
• 05_experiments/direct_tensile_test.md
• 04_material_systems/impact_resistant_structures.md

Relationship to Victor Li book

• Extends Victor Li (2019) Chapter 4 (PSH Criteria), Chapter 7 (PE Fibers), and Chapter 11 (High-Rate Dynamic Impact Applications, pp. 385–420).
• Calibrates the strain-rate sensitivity of geopolymer ECC under dynamic impact, proving that high fiber bridging complementary energy prevents catastrophic shattering under high strain-rate loading.

Claim-evidence rows to add

Verification status

• PDF preserved: yes (pan-2023-dynamic-compressive-behavior-of-high-strength.pdf)
• Text extracted: yes (full_text/pan-2023-dynamic-compressive-behavior-of-high-strength_full_text.md)
• DOI verified: yes (10.1016/j.jobe.2023.108036)
• Metadata verified: yes (J. Build. Eng., Vol. 80, 108036, 2023)
• Claim-evidence matrix ready: yes

Cautions

• 18 mm fibers improve static tensile strength but cause fiber clumping and reduce fresh flowability and dynamic compressive strength.
• Dynamic increase factor models require calibration for different projectile geometries and impact velocity domains.