Foundational Paper Evidence Ledger

Book-anchor note: The Atlas's primary foundation is the Victor C. Li 2019 book. The 13 foundational papers ledgered below are the supporting / verification layer beneath that book anchor: they verify and deepen the book-anchored Atlas claims. They are not the Atlas foundation themselves.

One entry per foundational paper. Each entry summarizes: main claim contribution to the ECC Research Atlas, Atlas nodes supported by rows in 07_visualization/foundational_papers_claim_evidence_matrix.csv, evidence-row count in that matrix, and unresolved verification needs.

Row counts and node lists are derived from the matrix above. Verification-needs items are tracked against the source notes under 00_sources/foundational_papers/source_notes/ and against the still-open bibliographic tasks recorded in 07_visualization/foundational_paper_integration_report.md.

1. Li & Leung 1992 — Steady-state and multiple cracking

• Paper card: 03_papers/li_leung_1992_steady_state_multiple_cracking.md
• Main claim contribution: Establishes the two-criterion micromechanics framework for pseudo strain hardening (sigma_cu > sigma_fc AND J_b' >= J_tip), the closed-form peak bridging stress with snubbing, and the 2D failure mechanism map that later ECC design work builds on.
• Atlas nodes supported: strain_hardening_criteria; fiber_bridging_law (2 rows); micromechanics_based_design; distributed_microcracking; direct_tensile_test.
• Evidence rows: 6.
• Unresolved verification needs: exact equation numbers for sigma_cu, delta_cu, snubbing g; page number for the failure mechanism map. Currently tagged needs_page_verification on two rows.

2. Lin & Li 1997 — Crack bridging with slip-hardening interface

• Paper card: 03_papers/lin_li_1997_crack_bridging_slip_hardening.md
• Main claim contribution: Introduces the linear slip-hardening interfacial constitutive relation into the sigma(delta) crack-bridging model, derives the criterion for a post-debonding rising branch, and shows that composite fracture energy and ultimate strain are correctly predicted only when slip-hardening is included.
• Atlas nodes supported: fiber_bridging_law (2 rows); interface_properties; strain_hardening_criteria; micromechanics_based_design.
• Evidence rows: 5.
• Unresolved verification needs: exact equation number of the linear slip-hardening constitutive relation; page reference for the fracture-energy derivation. One row needs_page_verification.

3. Redon et al. 2001 — Measuring and modifying PVA fiber interface

• Paper card: 03_papers/redon_etal_2001_pva_interface_properties.md
• Main claim contribution: Provides the single-fiber-pullout extraction method for G_d, tau_0 and beta on hydrophilic PVA fibers, identifies delamination-driven fiber rupture as the failure mode, and demonstrates that hydrophobic oil coating partially lowers the bond.
• Atlas nodes supported: interface_properties (2 rows); surface_treatment; fiber_bridging_law.
• Evidence rows: 4.
• Unresolved verification needs: exact numerical G_d, tau_0, beta values by fiber type — currently descriptive rather than quoted. DOI is still open per the integration report.

4. Li, Wang & Wu 2001 — PVA-ECC tensile strain hardening

• Paper card: 03_papers/li_wang_wu_2001_pva_ecc_tensile_strain_hardening.md
• Main claim contribution: First demonstration of PVA-ECC with tensile strain capacity > 4 % at V_f = 2 %, controlled crack width < 100 um, crack spacing 1-2 mm, achieved by hydrophobic oil coating (0.8-1.2 %) that reduces G_d from about 4.5 to about 2.1 J/m^2.
• Atlas nodes supported: strain_hardening_criteria; crack_width_distribution; direct_tensile_test; surface_treatment; interface_properties; distributed_microcracking.
• Evidence rows: 6.
• Unresolved verification needs: exact figure/table numbers for the 4.5 MPa peak stress, the 100 um crack width, the G_d 4.5 -> 2.1 J/m^2 transition. All rows currently tagged verified_from_source_note since numbers were transcribed from the source note but not re-checked against the PDF. DOI 10.14359/10724 recorded but still needs independent verification per the integration report.

5. Li, Wu, Wang, Ogawa & Saito 2002 — PVA-ECC interface tailoring

• Paper card: 03_papers/li_wu_wang_etal_2002_interface_tailoring_pva_ecc.md
• Main claim contribution: Reframes ECC design as micromechanics-based interface tailoring — the optimal fiber/matrix bond window is identified analytically, then met experimentally by an oil-coating agent — leading to PVA-ECC with saturated multiple cracking at low fiber content.
• Atlas nodes supported: interface_properties; surface_treatment; strain_hardening_criteria; micromechanics_based_design.
• Evidence rows: 4.
• Unresolved verification needs: exact optimal-bond-window numerical bounds; specific oiling-agent dosage table. DOI is still open per the integration report.

6. Wang & Li 2004 — Tailoring pre-existing flaws (FRAMCOS-5)

• Paper card: 03_papers/wang_li_2004_tailoring_preexisting_flaws.md
• Main claim contribution: Derives the LEFM critical-flaw-size expression a_c and shows that seeding artificial flaws (plastic beads / hollow particles 0.5-2.0 mm at 0.5-1.5 vol%) restores saturated multiple cracking in high-K_m PVA-ECC matrices.
• Atlas nodes supported: flaw_design (2 rows); strain_hardening_criteria; distributed_microcracking.
• Evidence rows: 4.
• Unresolved verification needs: equation number of a_c; exact strain-capacity numbers (1.5 % -> 3.5 %) against the original FRAMCOS-5 figure.

7. Kanda & Li 2006 — Practical PSH design criteria

• Paper card: 03_papers/kanda_li_2006_practical_design_criteria_psh.md
• Main claim contribution: Extends the PSH performance indices (stress index sigma_peak/(sigma_fc)_i and energy index J_b'/J_tip) from fiber-pull-out to fiber-rupture ECC, evaluates J_b' with the full bridging law, and proposes practical thresholds around 1.3 and 2.7 for saturated PSH.
• Atlas nodes supported: strain_hardening_criteria (2 rows); fiber_bridging_law; micromechanics_based_design; pseudo_strain_hardening_index.
• Evidence rows: 5.
• Unresolved verification needs: exact numeric thresholds 1.3 and 2.7 (tagged needs_figure_table_verification); DOI is still open per the integration report.

8. Li & Wang 2006 — Microstructure variability

• Paper card: 03_papers/li_wang_2006_microstructure_variability.md
• Main claim contribution: Frames ECC macroscopic variability as microstructural randomness (fiber location/orientation and flaw size distribution), formalizes the 2D vs 3D uniform-random orientation PDFs, and demonstrates that artificial-flaw superposition (7 vol% expanded shale ~3.5 mm; or 7 vol% 4 mm plastic beads) raises PVA-ECC average strain capacity from ~0.4 % to ~2.5 % and suppresses batch scatter.
• Atlas nodes supported: flaw_design (2 rows); fiber_dispersion; micromechanics_based_design; processing_rheology; direct_tensile_test.
• Evidence rows: 6.
• Unresolved verification needs: Fig. 12 robust-behavior chart and Fig. 5 scale-linkage figure numbers (tagged needs_figure_table_verification).

9. Yang, Wang, Yang & Li 2008 — Fiber bridging constitutive law

• Paper card: 03_papers/yang_etal_2008_fiber_bridging_constitutive_law.md
• Main claim contribution: Improves the sigma(delta) law by adding fiber two-way debonding/pullout, matrix micro-spalling, and Cook-Gordon effects; experimentally confirms the improved model and demonstrates that ECC crack widths self-control to about 60 um.
• Atlas nodes supported: fiber_bridging_law; two_way_debonding; matrix_micro_spalling; cook_gordon_effect; crack_width_distribution; strain_hardening_criteria; micromechanics_based_design.
• Evidence rows: 7.
• Unresolved verification needs: exact figure numbers for the three new mechanisms and for the 60 um crack width; DOI is still open per the integration report.

10. Zhou, Qian, Ye, Copuroglu, van Breugel & Li 2012 — Mixing sequence

• Paper card: 03_papers/zhou_etal_2012_mixing_sequence_fiber_distribution.md
• Main claim contribution: Shows that splitting the water addition around the fiber-mixing step raises Kobayashi's fiber distribution coefficient alpha and recovers strain-hardening at w/p up to 0.35 without changing first-cracking strength; extends the scheme to a High-Volume Sand ECC (HVS-ECC) with 45 % lower drying shrinkage.
• Atlas nodes supported: processing_rheology; fiber_dispersion (2 rows); strain_hardening_criteria; direct_tensile_test.
• Evidence rows: 5.
• Unresolved verification needs: exact alpha values from the bar chart (tagged needs_figure_table_verification); table-level silica-fume dosage mapping.

11. M. Li & V.C. Li 2012/2013 — Rheology, fiber dispersion, robust properties

• Paper card: 03_papers/li_li_2012_rheology_fiber_dispersion.md
• Main claim contribution: Establishes for the first time on PVA-ECC an explicit correlation between mortar plastic viscosity, fiber dispersion coefficient alpha, and tensile strain capacity; identifies an optimal Marsh cone flow time window of 24-33 s and a linear alpha vs Marsh cone relationship with R = 0.95.
• Atlas nodes supported: processing_rheology (2 rows); fiber_dispersion; strain_hardening_criteria; fiber_bridging_law; direct_tensile_test; flaw_design.
• Evidence rows: 7.
• Unresolved verification needs: Fig. 12 numeric values (tagged needs_figure_table_verification); exact per-specimen strain capacity assignments in Table 3.

12. Tosun-Felekoglu, Felekoglu, Ranade, Lee & Li 2013 — Flaw size and fiber distribution

• Paper card: 03_papers/tosun_felekoglu_etal_2014_flaw_size_fiber_distribution.md
• Main claim contribution: Provides the first joint experimental correlation between largest flaw size, fiber dispersion coefficient, and fiber orientation distribution against tensile ductility of PVA-ECC, using section-cut photography plus fluorescence microscopy on the same dogbone specimens.
• Atlas nodes supported: flaw_design; fiber_dispersion; strain_hardening_criteria; processing_rheology; direct_tensile_test.
• Evidence rows: 5.
• Unresolved verification needs: individual cross-section flaw size numerical values; alpha and orientation distribution numerical values.

13. Lu, Li & Leung 2018 — muCT flaw characterization

• Paper card: 03_papers/lu_leung_li_2018_flaw_distribution_cracking_strength.md
• Main claim contribution: Uses X-ray muCT to correlate 3D flaw structure with band-by-band cracking strength on a single PVA-ECC specimen, identifies the largest cross-sectional area perpendicular to loading (not nominal radius or flaw population) as the governing parameter, and refines the Leung-Li first-crack-strength model with Yang et al. (2008) bridging law plus an iterated crack profile.
• Atlas nodes supported: flaw_design (2 rows); distributed_microcracking; strain_hardening_criteria; fiber_bridging_law; interface_properties.
• Evidence rows: 6.
• Unresolved verification needs: none of the transcribed band cracking strengths (4.679, 4.56, 4.07 MPa) or interface parameters (tau_0 = 1.31 MPa, G_d = 1.08 J/m^2, snubbing 0.2, f' = 0.33, beta = 0.58) have been checked against the PDF beyond the source note — should be spot-verified before propagating to any concept node.

Summary

• 13 / 13 foundational papers have at least 4 evidence rows in the matrix.
• Row totals per paper range from 4 (Redon 2001; Li et al. 2002; Wang & Li 2004) to 7 (Yang 2008; Li & Li 2012), with a total of 70 data rows.
• Every Atlas concept node in the priority list (strain_hardening_criteria, fiber_bridging_law, flaw_design, fiber_dispersion, processing_rheology, interface_properties, direct_tensile_test, crack_width_distribution, distributed_microcracking, micromechanics_based_design) is covered by at least one paper.
• Bibliographic verification still pending for the DOIs listed as open in foundational_paper_integration_report.md (Lin 1997, Redon 2001, Li 2002, Kanda 2006, Yang 2008, and Li Wang Wu 2001).
• 62 / 70 rows are verified_from_source_note; 5 rows needs_figure_table_verification; 3 rows needs_page_verification; 0 rows currently verified_from_full_text — the next verification pass should promote figure/page-verified rows to verified_from_full_text after grepping the extracted-text files.