Source CSV:
07_visualization/by_lee_lab_publications_claim_evidence_matrix.csv| paper_id | year | title | doi | extension_theme | atlas_node | atlas_file | claim | evidence_excerpt_or_summary | page_or_section | figure_table_equation | status | source_note | full_text | paper_card | verification_status | related_book_chapter | original_pdf_status | mechanism_category | material_system | fiber_type | binder_type | test_method | key_metric | lab_relevance | claim_strength | verification_level | priority_for_synthesis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| alemu_2022_self_healing_of_portland_and_slag | 2022 | Self-healing of Portland and slag cement binder systems incorporating circulating fluidized bed combustion bottom ash | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125571 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | Flow-based ideal crack width ($b = (12 Q \mu / (L \cdot dP/dx))^{1/3}$) correlates more strongly with self-healing than surface optical crack width | "Using flow parameters from Darcy's law and Poiseuille flow to classify cracks... better related with self-healing inside various crack sizes." | Page 125571:1 & 5 / Abstract & Sec 3.1 | Eq. 4 / Figs. 4, 5, 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/alemu-2022-self-healing-of-portland-and-slag_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/alemu-2022-self-healing-of-portland-and-slag_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/alemu-2022-self-healing-of-portland-and-slag_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; crack_width_control; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; rheology_test; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| alemu_2022_self_healing_of_portland_and_slag | 2022 | Self-healing of Portland and slag cement binder systems incorporating circulating fluidized bed combustion bottom ash | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125571 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | Replacing 20 % slag cement with CFBC bottom ash increases seal-cured (carbonation-free) crack healing rate from 55 % to 75 % | "Seal-cured PCS_C20 samples had an average crack healing of ~75%, whereas PCS samples healed by ~55%... activating slag hydration." | Page 125571:7 & 10 / Section 3.2 & Conclusions | Figs. 9, 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/alemu-2022-self-healing-of-portland-and-slag_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/alemu-2022-self-healing-of-portland-and-slag_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/alemu-2022-self-healing-of-portland-and-slag_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 20 %; 55 %; 75 %; 75%; 55% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| alemu_2022_self_healing_of_portland_and_slag | 2022 | Self-healing of Portland and slag cement binder systems incorporating circulating fluidized bed combustion bottom ash | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125571 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | Autogenous crack self-healing is strictly inactive for crack widths of 0.30 mm under 28-day water immersion | "None of the specimens with crack width of 0.3 mm showed any reduction in permeability, indicating self-healing was limited to widths under 0.2 mm." | Page 125571:4 & 9 / Section 3.1 & Section 4 | Section 3.1 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/alemu-2022-self-healing-of-portland-and-slag_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/alemu-2022-self-healing-of-portland-and-slag_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/alemu-2022-self-healing-of-portland-and-slag_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; transport_durability; crack_width_control; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | transport_durability_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 0.30 mm; 0.3 mm; 0.2 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| alemu_2023_on_crack_healing_in_fiber_reinforced | 2023 | On crack healing in fiber-reinforced cementitious composites incorporating mineral-based healing agent and superabsorbent polymer: Evaluation using modified permeability test method | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2023.105111 | self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/permeability.md | 02_concepts/permeability.md | Fiber bridging enables multi-cracked ECC to achieve 90 % water permeability reduction even at 2–3 % strain with crack widths up to 0.80 mm | "The 2% and 3% strain samples plateau at an average healed fraction of 0.9 after 24–48 h with MCW of 0.58–0.80 mm." | Page 105111:7 & 13 / Section 3.1 & Conclusions | Fig. 10 & Fig. 27 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/alemu-2023-on-crack-healing-in-fiber-reinforced_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/alemu-2023-on-crack-healing-in-fiber-reinforced_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/alemu-2023-on-crack-healing-in-fiber-reinforced_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; transport_durability; crack_width_control; fiber_bridging | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | not_specified | transport_durability_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 90 %; 3 %; 2%; 3%; 0.80 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| alemu_2023_on_crack_healing_in_fiber_reinforced | 2023 | On crack healing in fiber-reinforced cementitious composites incorporating mineral-based healing agent and superabsorbent polymer: Evaluation using modified permeability test method | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2023.105111 | self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | Fiber content governs permeability reduction: reducing PE fibers from 1.25 % to 0.5 % drops 28-day healed fraction by 64–84 % | "Initial permeabilities of F0.5 were 8–30 fold higher, and healed fractions after 28 days reduced by 64–84%." | Page 105111:7 & 10 / Section 3.2 | Figs. 12–15 & Fig. 26 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/alemu-2023-on-crack-healing-in-fiber-reinforced_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/alemu-2023-on-crack-healing-in-fiber-reinforced_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/alemu-2023-on-crack-healing-in-fiber-reinforced_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; transport_durability; sustainability_lca | PE-ECC | PE | not_specified | transport_durability_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 1.25 %; 0.5 %; 84 %; 84%; 30 fold | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| alemu_2023_on_crack_healing_in_fiber_reinforced | 2023 | On crack healing in fiber-reinforced cementitious composites incorporating mineral-based healing agent and superabsorbent polymer: Evaluation using modified permeability test method | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2023.105111 | self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | Adding 0.5 % SAP achieves rapid crack sealing (healed fraction 0.95–1.0) within 24 h while preserving 65.8 MPa compressive strength | "SAP-containing mixtures heal faster initially, reaching 0.95–1.0 healed fraction at 28 days with $f_c = 65.8\text{ MPa}$." | Page 105111:8, 11, 14 / Section 3.4 & Table 3 | Table 3 / Figs. 22, 28 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/alemu-2023-on-crack-healing-in-fiber-reinforced_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/alemu-2023-on-crack-healing-in-fiber-reinforced_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/alemu-2023-on-crack-healing-in-fiber-reinforced_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; transport_durability; sustainability_lca | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | not_specified | compression_test; transport_durability_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 0.5 %; 65.8 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| alemu_2025_effect_of_self_healing_of_cracks | 2025 | Effect of self-healing of cracks in chloride ion diffusion and corrosion of engineered cementitious composites | 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.037 | self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | Water-tightness does not guarantee chloride impermeability in self-healing ECC; effective chloride resistance requires crack widths below 0.15 mm | "Achieving water-tightness in a permeability test does not guarantee that cracks will resist chloride penetration... resistance to chloride penetration began to develop in cracks smaller than 0.15 mm." | Page 1054:1 & 1060 / Abstract & Sec. 4 | Table 3, 4 / Figs. 7, 8 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/alemu-2025-effect-of-self-healing-of-cracks_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/alemu-2025-effect-of-self-healing-of-cracks_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/alemu-2025-effect-of-self-healing-of-cracks_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; transport_durability; crack_width_control; sustainability_lca | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | not_specified | transport_durability_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 0.15 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| alemu_2025_effect_of_self_healing_of_cracks | 2025 | Effect of self-healing of cracks in chloride ion diffusion and corrosion of engineered cementitious composites | 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.037 | self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/transport_properties.md | 02_concepts/transport_properties.md | Chloride exposure depassivates embedded rebar in cracked ECC within 1–3 days, but self-healing reduces corrosion current back to uncracked baseline within 1–2 months | "Depassivation occurred within 1–3 days of chloride exposure, but self-healing reduced the corrosion current back to pre-crack levels within 1–2 months." | Page 1054:1 & 1064 / Abstract & Sec. 4 | Figs. 10, 11, 12, 13 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/alemu-2025-effect-of-self-healing-of-cracks_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/alemu-2025-effect-of-self-healing-of-cracks_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/alemu-2025-effect-of-self-healing-of-cracks_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; transport_durability; sustainability_lca; structural_application | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | not_specified | transport_durability_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| alemu_2025_effect_of_self_healing_of_cracks | 2025 | Effect of self-healing of cracks in chloride ion diffusion and corrosion of engineered cementitious composites | 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.037 | self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/transport_properties.md | 02_concepts/transport_properties.md | EIS Nyquist bulk resistance captures cracking damage (70–95 % loss) and subsequent self-healing recovery (30–120 %) at the steel-matrix interface | "Cracking reduced the Rb value by 70–95%... M1 samples recovered 30–75% while M2 recovered 50–120% of pre-crack Rb." | Page 1062 & 1065 / Sec. 3.2 & 4 | Figs. 14, 15 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/alemu-2025-effect-of-self-healing-of-cracks_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/alemu-2025-effect-of-self-healing-of-cracks_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/alemu-2025-effect-of-self-healing-of-cracks_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; transport_durability; interface_tailoring; sustainability_lca | ECC/SHCC_general | steel | not_specified | transport_durability_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 95 %; 120 %; 95%; 75%; 120% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2015_bonding_properties_of_basalt_fiber | 2015 | Bonding Properties of Basalt Fiber and Strength Reduction According to Fiber Orientation | 10.3390/ma8105335 | fiber / interface / micromechanics; structural / impact / repair application | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | Basalt fiber exhibits an 87.6 % higher chemical bond ($G_d = 2.59\text{ J/m}^2$) than oiled PVA fiber in cementitious matrices | "The average chemical bond of the basalt fiber is 87.6% higher than that of PVA fiber... this may be attributed to the similar chemical composition of the basalt fiber with the matrix, which results in a chemical reaction." | Page 6724 / Section 4.1 | Table 5 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2015-bonding-properties-of-basalt-fiber_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2015-bonding-properties-of-basalt-fiber_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2015-bonding-properties-of-basalt-fiber_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 3: Fiber/Matrix Interface and Single Fiber Pullout | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion; structural_application | PVA-ECC | PVA; basalt | not_specified | single_fiber_pullout; self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test | 87.6 %; 87.6% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2015_bonding_properties_of_basalt_fiber | 2015 | Bonding Properties of Basalt Fiber and Strength Reduction According to Fiber Orientation | 10.3390/ma8105335 | fiber / interface / micromechanics; structural / impact / repair application | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | Inclination severely degrades the in-situ strength of basalt fiber ($f' = 1.535$), dropping its tensile strength by 83 % at 67.5° | "The average strength reduction coefficients of basalt fiber ($f'=1.535$) were nine times and three times higher than those of the PVA fiber (0.171) and PE fiber (0.475)... average tensile strength decreased by 83% at 67.5°." | Page 6724 & 6725 / Section 4.2 | Table 6 / Fig. 4 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2015-bonding-properties-of-basalt-fiber_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2015-bonding-properties-of-basalt-fiber_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2015-bonding-properties-of-basalt-fiber_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 3: Fiber/Matrix Interface and Single Fiber Pullout | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion; structural_application | PVA-ECC; PE-ECC | PE; PVA; basalt | not_specified | single_fiber_pullout; self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test | 83 %; 83% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2015_bonding_properties_of_basalt_fiber | 2015 | Bonding Properties of Basalt Fiber and Strength Reduction According to Fiber Orientation | 10.3390/ma8105335 | fiber / interface / micromechanics; structural / impact / repair application | 02_concepts/fiber_bridging_law.md | 02_concepts/fiber_bridging_law.md | High $G_d$ and high $f'$ cause un-tailored basalt fiber composites to exhibit post-cracking strain-softening rather than strain-hardening | "The fiber bridging stress decreased with an increase of crack openings in the basalt fiber reinforcing system. This induces the strain softening behavior of the composite... it is necessary to reduce the chemical bond by surface treatment." | Page 6725 & 6726 / Section 5 | Fig. 5 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2015-bonding-properties-of-basalt-fiber_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2015-bonding-properties-of-basalt-fiber_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2015-bonding-properties-of-basalt-fiber_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 3: Fiber/Matrix Interface and Single Fiber Pullout | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion; structural_application | ECC/SHCC_general | basalt | not_specified | single_fiber_pullout; self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| choi_2015_rheological_and_mechanical_properties_of | 2015 | Rheological and mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced alkali-activated composite | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.182 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/processing_rheology.md | 02_concepts/processing_rheology.md | An alkali-activated slag composite with plastic viscosity $< 1.0\text{ Pa}\cdot\text{s}$ achieves 2.38 % tensile ductility using 1.3 vol. % 8 mm PVA fibers | "Low plastic viscosity (0.86 Pa s), low yield stress (18 Pa), and high ductility (2.38%) can be attained by employing an alkali-activated slag based binder with water to binder ratio of 40% and PVA fibers of 1.3 vol.%." | Page 112 & 117 / Abstract & Sec 5 | Table 6 / Fig. 9 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2015-rheological-and-mechanical-properties-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2015-rheological-and-mechanical-properties-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2015-rheological-and-mechanical-properties-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 5: Processing and Rheology of ECC | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PVA-ECC | PVA | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; rheology_test; sustainability_assessment | 2.38 %; 2.38%; 40%; 1.3 vol. %; 8 mm; 1.3 vol.% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2015_rheological_and_mechanical_properties_of | 2015 | Rheological and mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced alkali-activated composite | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.182 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | Energy performance index $J_b'/J_{tip} = 1.67$ and stress index 1.48 govern the transition to saturated multiple cracking in low-viscosity FRAAC | "The $J_b'/J_{tip}$ of the M40-1.3 mixture was 1.67, which is highest value among all the mixtures. This micromechanical analysis result supports the uniaxial tension test result." | Page 116 & 117 / Section 4.4 | Table 8 / Fig. 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2015-rheological-and-mechanical-properties-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2015-rheological-and-mechanical-properties-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2015-rheological-and-mechanical-properties-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 5: Processing and Rheology of ECC | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; rheology_test; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| choi_2015_rheological_and_mechanical_properties_of | 2015 | Rheological and mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced alkali-activated composite | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.182 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | Decreasing $w/b$ from 0.45 to 0.40 enhances chemical bond ($G_d$ by 59.2 %) and frictional bond ($\tau_0$ by 11.5 %) in alkali-activated slag matrix | "The frictional bond strength and chemical bond strength in the M40 mixture were 11.5% and 59.2% higher, respectively, than those in M45... attributed to the denser microstructure of M40." | Page 116 / Section 4.4 | Table 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2015-rheological-and-mechanical-properties-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2015-rheological-and-mechanical-properties-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2015-rheological-and-mechanical-properties-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 5: Processing and Rheology of ECC | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion; sustainability_lca; structural_application | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; rheology_test; sustainability_assessment | 59.2 %; 11.5 %; 11.5%; 59.2% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2016_composite_properties_of_high_strength_polyethylene | 2016 | Composite properties of high-strength polyethylene fiber-reinforced cement and cementless composites | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.11.046 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Alkali-activated GGBS-based PE composites achieve tensile strain capacity up to 5.92 % and tensile strength up to 7.89 MPa without Portland cement | "The average tensile strain capacity of the alkali-activated GGBS-based composite was 5.62%, which is 27.9% higher than that of the cement-based composite." | Page 116 & 119 / Abstract & Sec 3.3 | Table 6 / Fig. 2 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2016-composite-properties-of-high-strength-polyethylene_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2016-composite-properties-of-high-strength-polyethylene_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2016-composite-properties-of-high-strength-polyethylene_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; UHP-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | OPC/cement; slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | 5.92 %; 5.62%; 27.9%; 7.89 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2016_composite_properties_of_high_strength_polyethylene | 2016 | Composite properties of high-strength polyethylene fiber-reinforced cement and cementless composites | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.11.046 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | AAS-based composites exhibit higher $\sigma_{tu}/f_{tc}$ ratios (average 3.15) than cement-based composites (average 2.62), resulting in 78.7 % more micro-cracks | "The average ratio of the tensile strength to the tensile cracking strength of the alkali-activated GGBS-based composite was 3.15, which is 20.1% higher than that of the cement-based composite. This is the main reason behind the higher tensile strain capacity..." | Page 120 / Section 3.3 | Table 6 & Table 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2016-composite-properties-of-high-strength-polyethylene_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2016-composite-properties-of-high-strength-polyethylene_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2016-composite-properties-of-high-strength-polyethylene_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; UHP-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | OPC/cement; slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | 78.7 %; 20.1% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2016_composite_properties_of_high_strength_polyethylene | 2016 | Composite properties of high-strength polyethylene fiber-reinforced cement and cementless composites | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.11.046 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | PE fiber-reinforced AAS composites develop narrower average crack widths (77.4 $\mu\text{m}$) and tighter crack spacing (1.41 mm) than cement-based composites | "The average crack width of the alkali-activated GGBS-based composite was 77.4 $\mu\text{m}$, which is 27% lower than that of the cement-based composite... narrower crack spacings by 45.6% than the cement-based composite." | Page 120 / Section 3.3 | Table 7 / Fig. 3 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2016-composite-properties-of-high-strength-polyethylene_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2016-composite-properties-of-high-strength-polyethylene_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2016-composite-properties-of-high-strength-polyethylene_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; UHP-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | OPC/cement; slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | sustainability_assessment | 27%; 45.6%; 1.41 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2016_composite_properties_of_high_strength_polyethylene | 2016 | Composite properties of high-strength polyethylene fiber-reinforced cement and cementless composites | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.11.046 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | AAS composites attain higher tensile-to-compressive strength ratios (average 18.7 %, nearly double normal concrete) compared to cement-based composites (14.3 %) | "The average ratio of the tensile strength to the compressive strength of the alkali-activated GGBS-based composite was 18.7%, which is 30.8% higher than that of the cement-based composite." | Page 119 & 121 / Sec 3.3 & Sec 4 | Table 5 & Table 6 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2016-composite-properties-of-high-strength-polyethylene_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2016-composite-properties-of-high-strength-polyethylene_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2016-composite-properties-of-high-strength-polyethylene_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; UHP-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | OPC/cement; slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | compression_test; sustainability_assessment | 18.7 %; 14.3 %; 18.7%; 30.8% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2019_effects_of_aging_on_the | 2019 | Effects of Aging on the Tensile Properties of Polyethylene Fiber-Reinforced Alkali-Activated Slag-Based Composite | 10.1155/2019/7573635 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | PE fiber-reinforced alkali-activated slag composite maintains 6.73 % tensile strain capacity at 90 days, suffering only a 4.8 % drop from peak ductility | "The 90-day tensile strain capacity of the fiber-reinforced alkali-activated slag-based composite was only 4.8% less than its maximum value (6.73% vs 7.07%), compared to a 30-40% drop in cementitious ECC." | Page 7573635:4 / Section 3.2 | Table 5 / Fig. 5 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2019-effects-of-aging-on-the_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2019-effects-of-aging-on-the_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2019-effects-of-aging-on-the_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 6.73 %; 4.8 %; 4.8%; 6.73%; 7.07%; 40% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2019_effects_of_aging_on_the | 2019 | Effects of Aging on the Tensile Properties of Polyethylene Fiber-Reinforced Alkali-Activated Slag-Based Composite | 10.1155/2019/7573635 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | PE-AAS composite achieves 53.4 MPa compressive strength and 11.27 MPa direct tensile strength at 90 days with $>20\text{ \%}$ tensile-to-compressive ratio | "Compressive strength of 53.4 MPa, first-cracking strength of 4.84 MPa, and tensile strength of 11.27 MPa at 90 days... tensile-to-compressive ratio exceeded 20%." | Page 7573635:3 & 5 / Section 3.1 & 3.2 | Table 4 & Table 5 / Fig. 4 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2019-effects-of-aging-on-the_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2019-effects-of-aging-on-the_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2019-effects-of-aging-on-the_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; interface_tailoring; flaw_design; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 20%; 53.4 MPa; 11.27 MPa; 4.84 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2019_effects_of_aging_on_the | 2019 | Effects of Aging on the Tensile Properties of Polyethylene Fiber-Reinforced Alkali-Activated Slag-Based Composite | 10.1155/2019/7573635 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | Crack patterns in PE-AAS stabilize by 14 days, maintaining ~100 saturated micro-cracks and an average crack width of 50.5 $\mu\text{m}$ at 90 days | "The number of cracks (~100), crack spacing (0.81 mm), and crack width converged to below 60 $\mu\text{m}$ (50.5 $\mu\text{m}$ at 90 days) after 14 days." | Page 7573635:7 / Section 3.2 | Table 6 / Fig. 6 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2019-effects-of-aging-on-the_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2019-effects-of-aging-on-the_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2019-effects-of-aging-on-the_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; crack_width_control; interface_tailoring; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 0.81 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2019_strain_hardening_and_high_ductile_behavior_of | 2019 | Strain-Hardening and High-Ductile Behavior of Alkali-Activated Slag-Based Composites with Added Zirconia Silica Fume | 10.3390/ma12213523 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Incorporating 5 wt. % zirconia silica fume simultaneously enhances compressive strength by 18.8 %, tensile strength by 26.5 %, and tensile strain capacity by 13.7 % | "The compressive strength, tensile strength, and tensile strain capacity of W21-S5 mixture were 18.8%, 26.5%, and 13.7% higher than those of reference mixture (53.5 MPa, 14.9 MPa, and 6.10%)." | Page 3523:1 & 14 / Abstract & Conclusions | Fig. 3 & Fig. 6 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2019-strain-hardening-and-high-ductile-behavior-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2019-strain-hardening-and-high-ductile-behavior-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2019-strain-hardening-and-high-ductile-behavior-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash; SCM/filler | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; sustainability_assessment | 18.8 %; 26.5 %; 13.7 %; 18.8%; 26.5%; 13.7% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2019_strain_hardening_and_high_ductile_behavior_of | 2019 | Strain-Hardening and High-Ductile Behavior of Alkali-Activated Slag-Based Composites with Added Zirconia Silica Fume | 10.3390/ma12213523 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | PE-AAS with 5 % ZSF achieves a tensile-to-compressive strength ratio of 27.6 % and tensile toughness of 0.57 $\text{MPa}\cdot\text{m/m}$, outperforming ductile UHPCs | "While tensile-to-compressive strength ratio of ductile UHPCs was about 10%, that of W21-S5 was 27.6% (2.34 to 3.16x higher)... toughness was 1.27 to 2.11x higher (0.57 MPa m/m)." | Page 3523:9 & 10 / Section 3.3 | Table 3 / Fig. 8 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2019-strain-hardening-and-high-ductile-behavior-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2019-strain-hardening-and-high-ductile-behavior-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2019-strain-hardening-and-high-ductile-behavior-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash; SCM/filler | compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 5 %; 27.6 %; 10%; 27.6%; 0.57 MPa; 3.16x | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2019_strain_hardening_and_high_ductile_behavior_of | 2019 | Strain-Hardening and High-Ductile Behavior of Alkali-Activated Slag-Based Composites with Added Zirconia Silica Fume | 10.3390/ma12213523 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | Adding ZSF increases crack count by 30 % while reducing crack spacing by 23 % and crack width by 13 % | "Adding ZSF increased the average number of cracks by 30%, and decreased crack spacing and crack width by 23% and 13%, respectively." | Page 3523:10 & 14 / Section 3.3 & Conclusions | Fig. 9 & Fig. 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2019-strain-hardening-and-high-ductile-behavior-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2019-strain-hardening-and-high-ductile-behavior-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2019-strain-hardening-and-high-ductile-behavior-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash; SCM/filler | sustainability_assessment | 30 %; 23 %; 13 %; 30%; 23%; 13% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2020_mechanical_and_fiber_bridging_behavior_of | 2020 | Mechanical and Fiber-Bridging Behavior of Slag-Based Composite with High Tensile Ductility | 10.3390/app10124300 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | Cementless PE-AAS composite satisfies PSH criteria with $I_{EP} = 8.9$ and $I_{SP} = 2.5$, exceeding practical design thresholds by 3.3x and 2.0x | "The value of $I_{EP}$ was 8.9 (3x higher than 2.7 criterion)... $I_{SP}$ was 2.5 (2x higher than 1.3 criterion), explaining strain-hardening and steady-state cracking." | Page 4300:10 & 11 / Section 3.3 & Conclusions | Table 7 / Fig. 9 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2020-mechanical-and-fiber-bridging-behavior-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2020-mechanical-and-fiber-bridging-behavior-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2020-mechanical-and-fiber-bridging-behavior-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 3.3x; 2.0x; 3x; 2x | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2020_mechanical_and_fiber_bridging_behavior_of | 2020 | Mechanical and Fiber-Bridging Behavior of Slag-Based Composite with High Tensile Ductility | 10.3390/app10124300 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | Single-fiber pullout in slag matrix exhibits pure frictional bond $\tau_i = 1.49\text{ MPa}$ with slip softening $\beta_i = -0.06$ | "From single-fiber pullout test, frictional bond strength was 1.49 MPa... slip softening behavior was reflected by strain-hardening coefficient of -0.06." | Page 4300:8 & 11 / Section 3.2 & Conclusions | Table 5 / Fig. 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2020-mechanical-and-fiber-bridging-behavior-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2020-mechanical-and-fiber-bridging-behavior-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2020-mechanical-and-fiber-bridging-behavior-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | single_fiber_pullout; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 1.49 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2020_mechanical_and_fiber_bridging_behavior_of | 2020 | Mechanical and Fiber-Bridging Behavior of Slag-Based Composite with High Tensile Ductility | 10.3390/app10124300 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | PE-AAS composite ($V_f=1.5\text{ vol. \%}$) achieves 7.5 % direct tensile ductility and 8.5 MPa tensile strength with 100 micro-cracks | "Test results showed composite had extremely high tensile ductility of up to 7.5% and high tensile strength of 8.5 MPa... with 100 cracks ($w_c = 59.8\ \mu\text{m}$)." | Page 4300:1 & 5 / Abstract & Sec 3.1 | Table 3 & Table 4 / Fig. 4 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2020-mechanical-and-fiber-bridging-behavior-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2020-mechanical-and-fiber-bridging-behavior-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2020-mechanical-and-fiber-bridging-behavior-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 7.5 %; 7.5%; 8.5 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2021_composite_properties_of_calcium_based_alkali_activated | 2021 | Composite properties of calcium-based alkali-activated slag composites reinforced by different types of polyethylene fibers and micromechanical analysis | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121760 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | AR-L PE fibers (aspect ratio 1500) exhibit 76 % higher frictional bond strength ($\tau_0 = 1.437\text{ MPa}$) than AR-M fibers (aspect ratio 750) | "The frictional bond strength of AR-L fiber was 76% higher than that of AR-M fiber (1.437 MPa vs 0.818 MPa)... with zero chemical bond." | Page 121760:8 & 10 / Section 4.1 & Conclusions | Table 5 / Fig. 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2021-composite-properties-of-calcium-based-alkali-activated_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2021-composite-properties-of-calcium-based-alkali-activated_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2021-composite-properties-of-calcium-based-alkali-activated_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; sustainability_lca; structural_application | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 76 %; 76%; 1.437 MPa; 0.818 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2021_composite_properties_of_calcium_based_alkali_activated | 2021 | Composite properties of calcium-based alkali-activated slag composites reinforced by different types of polyethylene fibers and micromechanical analysis | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121760 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | Higher fiber aspect ratio scales complementary energy to 119 $\text{J/m}^2$ (4.8x over AR-S), sustaining 7.50–8.75 % direct tensile ductility | "Complementary energy of AR-L was 1.3x and 4.7x higher than AR-M and AR-S (119 J/m2 vs 25 J/m2), inducing stable steady-state cracking." | Page 121760:9 / Section 4.2 | Table 7 / Fig. 11 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2021-composite-properties-of-calcium-based-alkali-activated_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2021-composite-properties-of-calcium-based-alkali-activated_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2021-composite-properties-of-calcium-based-alkali-activated_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 8.75 %; 4.8x; 1.3x; 4.7x | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2021_composite_properties_of_calcium_based_alkali_activated | 2021 | Composite properties of calcium-based alkali-activated slag composites reinforced by different types of polyethylene fibers and micromechanical analysis | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121760 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Air curing promotes higher tensile strain capacity (8.75 %) with tighter crack widths (43.4 $\mu\text{m}$), while water curing maximizes tensile strength (9.00 MPa) | "AR-L-A achieved tensile strain capacity of 8.75% and crack width of 43.4 $\mu\text{m}$, while AR-L-W achieved highest tensile strength of 9.00 MPa." | Page 121760:5 & 8 / Section 3.3 | Figs. 5, 6, 8, 9 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2021-composite-properties-of-calcium-based-alkali-activated_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2021-composite-properties-of-calcium-based-alkali-activated_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2021-composite-properties-of-calcium-based-alkali-activated_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 8.75 %; 8.75%; 9.00 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2021_effects_of_fiber_hybridization_on | 2021 | Effects of fiber hybridization on mechanical properties and autogenous healing of alkali-activated slag-based composites | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125280 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | Hybridizing 1.5 % PE with 0.25 % PVA fibers expands the complete autogenous crack healing threshold to 42.1 $\mu\text{m}$ after 3.0 % pre-tensile strain | "Maximum Wc required for complete healing of E1.5-V0, E1.5-V0.25, and E1.75-V0 were 33.3 $\mu\text{m}$, 42.1 $\mu\text{m}$, and 32.0 $\mu\text{m}$, respectively." | Page 125280:7 & 10 / Section 3.2 & Conclusions | Figs. 8, 9, 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2021-effects-of-fiber-hybridization-on_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2021-effects-of-fiber-hybridization-on_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2021-effects-of-fiber-hybridization-on_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; interface_tailoring; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PVA-ECC | PE; PVA; hybrid | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 1.5 %; 0.25 %; 3.0 % | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2021_effects_of_fiber_hybridization_on | 2021 | Effects of fiber hybridization on mechanical properties and autogenous healing of alkali-activated slag-based composites | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125280 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | Post-healing reloading verifies 106.6 % tensile strength recovery (8.51 MPa) and 8.27 % cumulative ductility in hybrid PE-PVA slag composite | "E1.5-V0.25 achieved post-healing tensile strength of 8.51 MPa (106.6% recovery) and cumulative strain capacity of 8.27%." | Page 125280:8 & 10 / Section 3.4 | Table 5 / Figs. 13, 15 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2021-effects-of-fiber-hybridization-on_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2021-effects-of-fiber-hybridization-on_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2021-effects-of-fiber-hybridization-on_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | PVA; hybrid | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 106.6 %; 8.27 %; 106.6%; 8.27%; 8.51 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2021_effects_of_fiber_hybridization_on | 2021 | Effects of fiber hybridization on mechanical properties and autogenous healing of alkali-activated slag-based composites | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125280 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Adding 0.25 vol. % PVA fibers to 1.5 vol. % PE fibers enhances direct tensile strain capacity to 7.82 % with 38.3 MPa compressive strength | "The AAS composite using hybrid PE-PVA fibers achieved higher tensile strain capacity (7.82%) than the mixture using only PE fibers." | Page 125280:1 & 5 / Abstract & Section 3.1 | Table 3 / Figs. 3, 4, 5 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2021-effects-of-fiber-hybridization-on_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2021-effects-of-fiber-hybridization-on_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2021-effects-of-fiber-hybridization-on_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PVA-ECC; PE-ECC | PE; PVA; hybrid | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 7.82 %; 7.82%; 0.25 vol. %; 1.5 vol. %; 38.3 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2022_highly_ductile_behavior_and_sustainability | 2022 | Highly ductile behavior and sustainability of engineered cementitious composites reinforced by PE based selvage fibers | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104729 | recycled / waste-derived material ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 16-mm cut PE selvage waste fibers achieve 10.81 MPa tensile strength and 6.55 % strain capacity, exceeding virgin PE ECC ductility | "M-SC mixture exhibited tensile strength of 10.81 MPa and tensile strain capacity of 6.55% (36.6% higher than M-PE)." | Page 104729:5 & 8 / Section 3.2 & Conclusions | Table 5 / Fig. 4 & Fig. 6 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2022-highly-ductile-behavior-and-sustainability_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2022-highly-ductile-behavior-and-sustainability_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2022-highly-ductile-behavior-and-sustainability_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC | PE; recycled_selvage | not_specified | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | 6.55 %; 6.55%; 36.6%; 10.81 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2022_highly_ductile_behavior_and_sustainability | 2022 | Highly ductile behavior and sustainability of engineered cementitious composites reinforced by PE based selvage fibers | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104729 | recycled / waste-derived material ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Replacing virgin PE fibers with upcycled selvage fibers cuts ECC material cost by 75.7 % from 1005 to 244 $\text{\$/m}^3$ | "The cost of M-SC mixture was found to be 244 $/m3, which is 75.7% lower than that of M-PE mixture." | Page 104729:8 & 9 / Section 3.3 & Conclusions | Table 8 / Fig. 9 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2022-highly-ductile-behavior-and-sustainability_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2022-highly-ductile-behavior-and-sustainability_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2022-highly-ductile-behavior-and-sustainability_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC; PE-ECC | PE; recycled_selvage | not_specified | sustainability_assessment | 75.7 %; 75.7%; 244 $/m3 | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2022_highly_ductile_behavior_and_sustainability | 2022 | Highly ductile behavior and sustainability of engineered cementitious composites reinforced by PE based selvage fibers | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104729 | recycled / waste-derived material ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | M-SC delivers a strength performance index ($f_{ts}/f_{cr}$) of 3.72, sustaining robust multiple cracking with 63.5 cracks and $83.2\ \mu\text{m}$ crack width | "M-SC showed strength performance index of 3.72, crack count of 63.5, and crack width of 83.2 $\mu\text{m}$." | Page 104729:6 & 7 / Section 3.2 | Table 6 & Table 7 / Fig. 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2022-highly-ductile-behavior-and-sustainability_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2022-highly-ductile-behavior-and-sustainability_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2022-highly-ductile-behavior-and-sustainability_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC | PE; recycled_selvage | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| choi_2022_resistance_of_hybrid_layered_composite | 2022 | Resistance of hybrid layered composite panels composed of fiber-reinforced cementitious composites against high-velocity projectile impact | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114993 | structural / impact / repair application; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | Layering 146 MPa UHPFRC on the strike face and 4.63 % ductile Green ECC on the rear face (HS1.5-HD) achieves zero rear scabbing and 0.87 % mass loss against 217 m/s impact | "No perforation occurred in HS1.5-HD... scabbing was not observed on rear surface, showing smallest mass loss (0.87%) and highest impact resistance." | Page 114993:6 & 8 / Section 3.2 & 3.3 | Table 3, Table 4, Table 5 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2022-resistance-of-hybrid-layered-composite_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2022-resistance-of-hybrid-layered-composite_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2022-resistance-of-hybrid-layered-composite_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 11: Structural Applications | pending_user_pdf | sustainability_lca; structural_application | UHP-ECC | hybrid | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; sustainability_assessment | 4.63 %; 0.87 %; 0.87%; 146 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2022_resistance_of_hybrid_layered_composite | 2022 | Resistance of hybrid layered composite panels composed of fiber-reinforced cementitious composites against high-velocity projectile impact | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114993 | structural / impact / repair application; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | Material arrangement dictates perforation: front-strike UHPFRC with rear ECC arrests projectile, whereas reversing the order (HD-HS1.5) leads to perforation | "The mass loss of HD-HS1.5 was 16.6 times higher than HS1.5-HD and was perforated, confirming impact resistance is heavily dependent on arrangement." | Page 114993:6 & 8 / Section 3.2 & 3.3 | Table 3 & Table 4 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2022-resistance-of-hybrid-layered-composite_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2022-resistance-of-hybrid-layered-composite_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2022-resistance-of-hybrid-layered-composite_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 11: Structural Applications | pending_user_pdf | sustainability_lca; structural_application | UHP-ECC | hybrid | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; sustainability_assessment | 16.6 times | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| choi_2022_resistance_of_hybrid_layered_composite | 2022 | Resistance of hybrid layered composite panels composed of fiber-reinforced cementitious composites against high-velocity projectile impact | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114993 | structural / impact / repair application; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Rear Green ECC layer converts panel failure mode under high-velocity impact from brittle cone shear plugging to ductile radial tensile yielding | "Substitution of HD for HS on rear surface changed failure pattern from shear failure to tensile failure, eliminating scabbing." | Page 114993:7 & 9 / Section 3.2 & Conclusions | Table 3 / Section 3.2 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/choi-2022-resistance-of-hybrid-layered-composite_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/choi-2022-resistance-of-hybrid-layered-composite_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/choi-2022-resistance-of-hybrid-layered-composite_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 11: Structural Applications | pending_user_pdf | sustainability_lca; structural_application | ECC/SHCC_general | hybrid | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| hwang_2025_from_textile_waste_to_high_performance | 2025 | From textile waste to high-performance composites: investigating the role of selvage fibers in engineered cementitious composites | 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112964 | recycled / waste-derived material ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Recycled selvage fiber composite (SE-15) achieves 63.2 MPa compressive strength and 5.25 % direct tensile strain capacity with $70\ \mu\text{m}$ crack width | "The SE-15 mixture exhibited compressive strength of 63.2 MPa, tensile strength of 8.01 MPa, tensile strain capacity of 5.25%, and crack width of 70 μm." | Page 112964:1 & 8 / Abstract & Sec 3.1 | Table 4, 5, 6 / Fig. 7a | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/hwang-2025-from-textile-waste-to-high-performance_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/hwang-2025-from-textile-waste-to-high-performance_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/hwang-2025-from-textile-waste-to-high-performance_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC | recycled_selvage | not_specified | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 5.25 %; 5.25%; 63.2 MPa; 8.01 MPa; 70 μm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| hwang_2025_from_textile_waste_to_high_performance | 2025 | From textile waste to high-performance composites: investigating the role of selvage fibers in engineered cementitious composites | 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112964 | recycled / waste-derived material ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 05_experiments/single_fiber_pullout.md | 05_experiments/single_fiber_pullout.md | Single fiber pullout proves PE filaments provide pure frictional slip ($\tau_0 = 1.45\text{ MPa}$), whereas GF and PET rupture prematurely | "PE fiber frictional bond strength was 1.45 MPa with Gd=0... GF fractured at 1686 MPa (48.9% below strength) and PET fractured at 383 MPa." | Page 112964:10–11 / Sec 3.2 Single fiber pullout | Fig. 9 / Table 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/hwang-2025-from-textile-waste-to-high-performance_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/hwang-2025-from-textile-waste-to-high-performance_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/hwang-2025-from-textile-waste-to-high-performance_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; sustainability_lca; structural_application | recycled_selvage_ECC; PE-ECC | PE; PET; recycled_selvage | not_specified | single_fiber_pullout; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 48.9%; 1.45 MPa; 1686 MPa; 383 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| hwang_2025_from_textile_waste_to_high_performance | 2025 | From textile waste to high-performance composites: investigating the role of selvage fibers in engineered cementitious composites | 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112964 | recycled / waste-derived material ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | Micromechanical bridging analysis verifies SE-15 satisfies both PSH criteria with $SPI = 2.26 > 1.3$ and $EPI = 3.40 > 2.7$ | "SE-15 satisfied practical design criteria with SPI=2.26 and EPI=3.40 (J'b=135.9 J/m2 vs Jtip=39.9 J/m2)." | Page 112964:13–14 / Sec 3.3 Micromechanical analysis | Table 8, 9 / Fig. 11 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/hwang-2025-from-textile-waste-to-high-performance_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/hwang-2025-from-textile-waste-to-high-performance_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/hwang-2025-from-textile-waste-to-high-performance_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria | recycled_selvage_ECC | recycled_selvage | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| hyun_2018_composite_properties_and_micromechanical_analysis | 2018 | Composite Properties and Micromechanical Analysis of Highly Ductile Cement Composite Incorporating Limestone Powder | 10.3390/app8020151 | fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | Replacing 45 % cement with limestone powder increases the energy performance index $J_b'/J_{tip}$ from 4.8 to 17.8 (3.7x), elevating direct tensile ductility from 2.6 % to 4.2 % | "The energy performance index of the HDCC45 mixture was 17.8, 3.7 times higher than that of the HDCC0 mixture... tensile strain capacity of HDCC45 was higher by 62% than that of HDCC0 (4.2% vs 2.6%)." | Page 8 & 9 / Section 4 & 5 | Table 3 & Table 6 / Fig. 4 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/hyun-2018-composite-properties-and-micromechanical-analysis_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/hyun-2018-composite-properties-and-micromechanical-analysis_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/hyun-2018-composite-properties-and-micromechanical-analysis_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | SCM/filler | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 45 %; 2.6 %; 4.2 %; 62%; 4.2%; 2.6% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| hyun_2018_composite_properties_and_micromechanical_analysis | 2018 | Composite Properties and Micromechanical Analysis of Highly Ductile Cement Composite Incorporating Limestone Powder | 10.3390/app8020151 | fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | Limestone powder replacement reduces matrix fracture energy $J_{tip}$ by 68.3 % and frictional bond $\tau_0$ by 38.4 % while leaving chemical bond $G_d$ virtually unchanged | "Chemical bond strength was not significantly influenced by limestone powder ($G_d \approx 1.87\text{ J/m}^2$, difference $<0.6\%$)... frictional bond decreased by 38.4% and $J_{tip}$ decreased by 68.3%." | Page 6 & 7 / Section 3.2 & 3.3 | Table 4 & Table 5 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/hyun-2018-composite-properties-and-micromechanical-analysis_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/hyun-2018-composite-properties-and-micromechanical-analysis_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/hyun-2018-composite-properties-and-micromechanical-analysis_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; sustainability_lca; structural_application | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | SCM/filler | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 68.3 %; 38.4 %; 38.4%; 68.3% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| hyun_2018_composite_properties_and_micromechanical_analysis | 2018 | Composite Properties and Micromechanical Analysis of Highly Ductile Cement Composite Incorporating Limestone Powder | 10.3390/app8020151 | fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | PVA-HDCC incorporating 45 % limestone powder maintains structural-grade compressive strength of 31.2 MPa at 28 days | "The HDCC45 mixture, in which 45% of the cement was replaced by limestone powder, showed compressive strength over 30 MPa (31.2 MPa) at the age of 28 days." | Page 4 & 9 / Section 3.1 & 5 | Fig. 3 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/hyun-2018-composite-properties-and-micromechanical-analysis_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/hyun-2018-composite-properties-and-micromechanical-analysis_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/hyun-2018-composite-properties-and-micromechanical-analysis_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; sustainability_lca; structural_application | ECC/SHCC_general | PVA | SCM/filler | compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 45 %; 45%; 31.2 MPa; 30 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| kang_2016_control_of_tensile_behavior_of | 2016 | Control of Tensile Behavior of Ultra-High Performance Concrete Through Artificial Flaws and Fiber Hybridization | 10.1007/s40069-016-0155-6 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | Incorporating 2.0 vol. % hydrophobic PS beads into UHPC elevates the stress performance index $\sigma_u/\sigma_{fc}$ up to 1.8 | "The ratios of ultimate tensile strength to first cracking strength of M-S, M-S-PB, M-PE, and M-PE-PB mixtures were 1.4, 1.5, 1.7 and 1.8, respectively... higher multiple cracking behavior increases with higher ratio." | Page S38 / Section 3.3 | Fig. 5 & Fig. 6 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/kang-2016-control-of-tensile-behavior-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/kang-2016-control-of-tensile-behavior-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/kang-2016-control-of-tensile-behavior-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria | UHP-ECC | hybrid | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation | 2.0 vol. % | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| kang_2016_control_of_tensile_behavior_of | 2016 | Control of Tensile Behavior of Ultra-High Performance Concrete Through Artificial Flaws and Fiber Hybridization | 10.1007/s40069-016-0155-6 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | Artificial flaws in steel-reinforced UHPC increase crack count by 51.3 % and reduce average crack width by 37.5 % (to 41.1 $\mu\text{m}$) | "M-S-PB mixture showed a 51.3% higher number of cracks (17.4), 37.5% smaller crack width (41.1 $\mu\text{m}$), and 40.3% smaller crack spacing (4.6 mm) than M-S mixture." | Page S38 & S39 / Section 3.3 | Fig. 9 & Fig. 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/kang-2016-control-of-tensile-behavior-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/kang-2016-control-of-tensile-behavior-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/kang-2016-control-of-tensile-behavior-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; interface_tailoring; flaw_design | UHP-ECC | steel; hybrid | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation | 51.3 %; 37.5 %; 51.3%; 37.5%; 40.3%; 4.6 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| kang_2016_control_of_tensile_behavior_of | 2016 | Control of Tensile Behavior of Ultra-High Performance Concrete Through Artificial Flaws and Fiber Hybridization | 10.1007/s40069-016-0155-6 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 02_concepts/fiber_hybridization.md | 02_concepts/fiber_hybridization.md | Steel-PE fiber hybridization in 140 MPa UHPC increases direct tensile strain capacity to 1.21-1.22 % (+29 % over single steel fiber) | "While M-PE and M-PE-PB mixtures showed 29.7 and 28.8% higher tensile strain capacity (1.22% and 1.21%) than M-S mixture (0.94%)." | Page S38 & S40 / Section 3.3 & Sec 4 | Fig. 7 / Table 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/kang-2016-control-of-tensile-behavior-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/kang-2016-control-of-tensile-behavior-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/kang-2016-control-of-tensile-behavior-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria | UHP-ECC; PE-ECC | PE; steel; hybrid | not_specified | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation | 1.22 %; 29 %; 28.8%; 1.22%; 1.21%; 0.94% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| kang_2016_hybrid_effects_of_steel_fiber | 2016 | Hybrid effects of steel fiber and microfiber on the tensile behavior of ultra-high performance concrete | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.02.075 | general ECC/SHCC contribution | 02_concepts/fiber_hybridization.md | 02_concepts/fiber_hybridization.md | Hybridizing 1.0 vol. % steel fiber with 0.5 vol. % high-strength PE microfiber in 150 MPa UHPC improves tensile strength to 16.21 MPa and ductility to 0.99 % | "The S1.0-PE0.5 showed 14% higher first cracking strength (11.13 MPa), 13% higher ultimate tensile strength (16.21 MPa) and 39% higher tensile strain capacity (0.99%) than S1.5." | Page 37 & 42 / Abstract & Sec 4 | Table 7 / Fig. 2 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/kang-2016-hybrid-effects-of-steel-fiber_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/kang-2016-hybrid-effects-of-steel-fiber_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/kang-2016-hybrid-effects-of-steel-fiber_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 10: High-Strength and Ultra-High Performance ECC | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria | UHP-ECC | PE; steel; hybrid | not_specified | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation | 0.99 %; 14%; 13%; 39%; 0.99%; 1.0 vol. % | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| kang_2016_hybrid_effects_of_steel_fiber | 2016 | Hybrid effects of steel fiber and microfiber on the tensile behavior of ultra-high performance concrete | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.02.075 | general ECC/SHCC contribution | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | Basalt microfiber addition in UHPC increases first cracking strength by 37 % (to 13.42 MPa) but reduces tensile strain capacity to 0.22 % due to fiber rupture | "S1.0-B0.5 enhanced the first cracking strength by 37% (13.42 MPa)... however had 68% lower tensile strain capacity (0.22%)... basalt fiber is composed of minerals leading to strong chemical bonding." | Page 39 & 40 / Section 3.3 | Table 7 / Fig. 2 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/kang-2016-hybrid-effects-of-steel-fiber_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/kang-2016-hybrid-effects-of-steel-fiber_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/kang-2016-hybrid-effects-of-steel-fiber_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 10: High-Strength and Ultra-High Performance ECC | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria | UHP-ECC | steel; basalt; hybrid | not_specified | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation | 37 %; 0.22 %; 37%; 68%; 0.22%; 13.42 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| kang_2016_hybrid_effects_of_steel_fiber | 2016 | Hybrid effects of steel fiber and microfiber on the tensile behavior of ultra-high performance concrete | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.02.075 | general ECC/SHCC contribution | 02_concepts/fiber_hybridization.md | 02_concepts/fiber_hybridization.md | Partial substitution of PE microfibers enables effective crack bridging up to 126 $\mu\text{m}$, delaying macro-crack localization | "The partial substitution of PE fiber for steel fiber enabled effective fiber bridging resistance until reaching the larger crack width (126 $\mu\text{m}$), and consequently delayed localized crack growth." | Page 41 / Section 3.3 | Fig. 4 & Fig. 5 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/kang-2016-hybrid-effects-of-steel-fiber_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/kang-2016-hybrid-effects-of-steel-fiber_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/kang-2016-hybrid-effects-of-steel-fiber_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 10: High-Strength and Ultra-High Performance ECC | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; fiber_bridging | UHP-ECC; PE-ECC | PE; steel; hybrid | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| kim_2018_response_of_uhpfrc_and_hdfrc | 2018 | Response of UHPFRC and HDFRC under static and high-velocity projectile impact loads | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.08.135 | structural / impact / repair application; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Slag-based HDFRC achieves 7.89 % tensile strain capacity (7.6x UHPFRC) with 119.6 cracks and 0.67 mm crack spacing | "The tensile strain capacity of HDFRC mixture was 7.89%, which is 7.62 times higher than that of UHPFRC (1.04%)... number of cracks within gauge length was 119.6 with crack spacing of 0.67 mm." | Page 399 & 404 / Abstract & Sec 3.3 | Table 6 & Table 8 / Fig. 3 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/kim-2018-response-of-uhpfrc-and-hdfrc_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/kim-2018-response-of-uhpfrc-and-hdfrc_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/kim-2018-response-of-uhpfrc-and-hdfrc_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 7: Dynamic and Impact Behavior of ECC | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca; structural_application | AAS-ECC; UHP-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated | direct_tensile_test; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; sustainability_assessment | 7.89 %; 7.89%; 1.04%; 0.67 mm; 7.6x; 7.62 times | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| kim_2018_response_of_uhpfrc_and_hdfrc | 2018 | Response of UHPFRC and HDFRC under static and high-velocity projectile impact loads | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.08.135 | structural / impact / repair application; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | UHPFRC develops 155.2 MPa compressive strength and 20.45 MPa direct tensile strength with 1.04 % strain capacity | "UHPFRC mixture with a compressive strength of 155.2 MPa, first-cracking strength of 10.69 MPa, and tensile strength of 20.45 MPa." | Page 402 & 404 / Section 3.2 & 3.3 | Table 5 & Table 6 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/kim-2018-response-of-uhpfrc-and-hdfrc_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/kim-2018-response-of-uhpfrc-and-hdfrc_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/kim-2018-response-of-uhpfrc-and-hdfrc_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 7: Dynamic and Impact Behavior of ECC | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; sustainability_lca; structural_application | UHP-ECC | not_specified | not_specified | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test | 1.04 %; 155.2 MPa; 20.45 MPa; 10.69 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| kim_2018_response_of_uhpfrc_and_hdfrc | 2018 | Response of UHPFRC and HDFRC under static and high-velocity projectile impact loads | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.08.135 | structural / impact / repair application; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 60 mm thick HDFRC panels completely arrest a 225 m/s steel projectile without perforation or rear scabbing despite 32.9 MPa compressive strength | "Although the penetration depth of HDFRC with thickness of 60 mm was 41.5 mm, perforation did not occur and this mixture showed zero rear crater (no scabbing), arresting the projectile inside." | Page 406 & 407 / Section 3.4 | Table 9 & Table 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/kim-2018-response-of-uhpfrc-and-hdfrc_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/kim-2018-response-of-uhpfrc-and-hdfrc_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/kim-2018-response-of-uhpfrc-and-hdfrc_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 7: Dynamic and Impact Behavior of ECC | pending_user_pdf | sustainability_lca; structural_application | UHP-ECC | not_specified | not_specified | compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; sustainability_assessment | 60 mm; 32.9 MPa; 41.5 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| kwon_2018_tensile_strain_hardening_behaviors_and_crack | 2018 | Tensile strain-hardening behaviors and crack patterns of slag-based fiber-reinforced composites | 10.12989/cac.2018.21.3.231 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | PE fiber-reinforced alkali-activated slag composite achieves direct tensile strain capacity up to 4.93 % at $w/b=0.35$ with $\sigma_u = 4.82\text{ MPa}$ | "PE fiber series composites had the highest tensile strain capacity among all types of fibers (4.93% at $w/b=0.35$)... tight crack width of below 100 $\mu\text{m}$ and saturated crack patterns." | Page 231 & 234 / Abstract & Sec 3.2 | Table 7 / Fig. 2 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/kwon-2018-tensile-strain-hardening-behaviors-and-crack_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/kwon-2018-tensile-strain-hardening-behaviors-and-crack_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/kwon-2018-tensile-strain-hardening-behaviors-and-crack_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 4.93 %; 4.93% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| kwon_2018_tensile_strain_hardening_behaviors_and_crack | 2018 | Tensile strain-hardening behaviors and crack patterns of slag-based fiber-reinforced composites | 10.12989/cac.2018.21.3.231 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | PBO fiber reinforcement in alkali-activated slag matrix reduces crack width to 17.2 $\mu\text{m}$ (80 % narrower than PE) and crack spacing to 0.86 mm | "The average crack width of PBO-0.35 mixture was 17.2 $\mu\text{m}$, which was 80% lower than that of PE-0.35 mixture (85.4 $\mu\text{m}$)... average crack spacing was 0.86 mm." | Page 236 / Section 3.2 | Fig. 7 & Fig. 8 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/kwon-2018-tensile-strain-hardening-behaviors-and-crack_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/kwon-2018-tensile-strain-hardening-behaviors-and-crack_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/kwon-2018-tensile-strain-hardening-behaviors-and-crack_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; interface_tailoring; sustainability_lca; structural_application | EGC; AAS-ECC | PBO | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 80 %; 80%; 0.86 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| kwon_2018_tensile_strain_hardening_behaviors_and_crack | 2018 | Tensile strain-hardening behaviors and crack patterns of slag-based fiber-reinforced composites | 10.12989/cac.2018.21.3.231 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | Higher fiber strength alone does not guarantee higher tensile ductility if excessive interfacial bond restricts complementary energy (PBO $\epsilon_u=1.86\text{ \%}$ vs PE $\epsilon_u=4.93\text{ \%}$) | "Although PBO fiber had higher tensile strength by 91% (5800 MPa vs 3030 MPa), tensile strain capacity of PBO was 70% lower on average due to strong bond and high modulus." | Page 234 / Section 3.2 | Table 2 & Table 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/kwon-2018-tensile-strain-hardening-behaviors-and-crack_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/kwon-2018-tensile-strain-hardening-behaviors-and-crack_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/kwon-2018-tensile-strain-hardening-behaviors-and-crack_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; lightweight_ECC | PE; PBO | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 91%; 70%; 5800 MPa; 3030 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| lee_2009_quantitative_evaluation_technique_of_polyvinyl | 2009 | Quantitative evaluation technique of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) fiber dispersion in engineered cementitious composites | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.04.002 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 02_concepts/fiber_dispersion.md | 02_concepts/fiber_dispersion.md | PVA fiber dispersion in ECC can be quantitatively evaluated via fluorescence image analysis with an automated dispersion coefficient $\alpha_f$ | "Using a fluorescence technique on PVA-ECC, PVA fibers are observed as green dots... Test results showed that the dispersion coefficient $\alpha_f$ was calculated reasonably and the fiber-detection performance was enhanced." | Page 408 / Abstract | Eq. (1) / Fig. 3 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2009-quantitative-evaluation-technique-of-polyvinyl_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2009-quantitative-evaluation-technique-of-polyvinyl_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2009-quantitative-evaluation-technique-of-polyvinyl_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 5: Processing and Rheology of ECC | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion; sustainability_lca | PVA-ECC | PVA | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation; rheology_test; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| lee_2009_quantitative_evaluation_technique_of_polyvinyl | 2009 | Quantitative evaluation technique of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) fiber dispersion in engineered cementitious composites | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.04.002 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 02_concepts/fiber_dispersion.md | 02_concepts/fiber_dispersion.md | Conventional thresholding over-estimates or miscounts aggregated fibers, whereas ANN + morphological reconstruction achieves 95.3 % accuracy | "The accuracy of the artificial neural network on the basis of a jack-knife validation is 95.3%... the enhanced algorithm with a morphological reconstruction process minimizes over-segmentation" | Page 413 & 415 | Table 3 & Table 5 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2009-quantitative-evaluation-technique-of-polyvinyl_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2009-quantitative-evaluation-technique-of-polyvinyl_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2009-quantitative-evaluation-technique-of-polyvinyl_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 5: Processing and Rheology of ECC | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion | PVA-ECC | PVA | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation; rheology_test | 95.3 %; 95.3% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| lee_2009_quantitative_evaluation_technique_of_polyvinyl | 2009 | Quantitative evaluation technique of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) fiber dispersion in engineered cementitious composites | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.04.002 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 02_concepts/fiber_bridging_law.md | 02_concepts/fiber_bridging_law.md | Real composite cutting planes exhibit dispersion coefficients ($\alpha_f \approx 0.35 - 0.38$), deviating from ideal 2D/3D uniform assumptions | "Table 5 compares $\alpha_f$ values... Whole fiber image $\alpha_f = 0.348$ (number of fibers = 565)" | Page 415 / Section 4.3 | Table 5 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2009-quantitative-evaluation-technique-of-polyvinyl_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2009-quantitative-evaluation-technique-of-polyvinyl_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2009-quantitative-evaluation-technique-of-polyvinyl_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 5: Processing and Rheology of ECC | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion | PVA-ECC | PVA | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation; rheology_test | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| lee_2010_micromechanics_based_fiber_bridging_analysis_of_strain_hardening | 2010 | Micromechanics-Based Fiber-Bridging Analysis of Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composite Accounting for Fiber Distribution | 10.3970/cmes.2010.061.111 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 02_concepts/fiber_bridging_law.md | 02_concepts/fiber_bridging_law.md | Accounting for real fiber orientation $g(\theta)$ and fiber count $\alpha_{nf}$ via image analysis predicts composite tensile strain with ~15 % error vs > 50 % error for 2D/3D random assumptions | "Comparing the UTS calculated on the basis of an image analysis, the relative error between the measured UTS and the calculated UTS is about 15%... On the other hand, the minimum error between the measured UTS and the UTS calculated on the basis of fiber-bridging curves obtained by assuming 2D/3D random distributions exhibit more than 50%." | Page 128 / Section 4.3 | Table 5 / Fig. 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2010-micromechanics-based-fiber-bridging-analysis-of-strain-hardening_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2010-micromechanics-based-fiber-bridging-analysis-of-strain-hardening_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2010-micromechanics-based-fiber-bridging-analysis-of-strain-hardening_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | not_specified | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation | 15 %; 50 %; 15%; 50% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| lee_2010_micromechanics_based_fiber_bridging_analysis_of_strain_hardening | 2010 | Micromechanics-Based Fiber-Bridging Analysis of Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composite Accounting for Fiber Distribution | 10.3970/cmes.2010.061.111 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | Slag incorporation enhances fiber dispersion and complementary bridging energy, elevating direct tensile strain capacity from 2.77 % to 4.24 % in $w/c=0.60$ ECC | "ECC specimens with slag have higher values... leading to a larger tensile strain capacity... wc60ws achieved ultimate tensile strain of 4.24% compared to 2.77% for wc60wos." | Page 126 & 130 | Table 4 & Table 5 / Fig. 11 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2010-micromechanics-based-fiber-bridging-analysis-of-strain-hardening_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2010-micromechanics-based-fiber-bridging-analysis-of-strain-hardening_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2010-micromechanics-based-fiber-bridging-analysis-of-strain-hardening_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion; strain_hardening_criteria | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | slag/GGBS | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation | 2.77 %; 4.24 %; 4.24%; 2.77% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| lee_2010_micromechanics_based_fiber_bridging_analysis_of_strain_hardening | 2010 | Micromechanics-Based Fiber-Bridging Analysis of Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composite Accounting for Fiber Distribution | 10.3970/cmes.2010.061.111 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | 02_concepts/interface_properties.md | Matrix spalling reduces fiber inclination angle and effective embedment length, delayed fiber rupture during inclined bridging | "Matrix spalling changes the fiber orientation $\theta$ to a smaller $\theta'$ and decreases the embedded length ($L_e$) by $2s$." | Page 119 / Section 2.3 | Eqs. (24)-(29) / Fig. 5 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2010-micromechanics-based-fiber-bridging-analysis-of-strain-hardening_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2010-micromechanics-based-fiber-bridging-analysis-of-strain-hardening_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2010-micromechanics-based-fiber-bridging-analysis-of-strain-hardening_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| lee_2010_prediction_of_ecc_tensile_stress_strain | 2010 | Prediction of ECC tensile stress-strain curves based on modified fiber bridging relations considering fiber distribution characteristics | 10.12989/cac.2010.7.5.455 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | Average crack spacing is governed by interfacial friction and increases with matrix tensile strength | "An equation for calculation of the crack spacing that takes into quantitative consideration the dimensions and fiber distribution was also derived... crack spacing increases with an increase of the strength of the matrix." | Page 455 & 465 | Eq. (15) / Table 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2010-prediction-of-ecc-tensile-stress-strain_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2010-prediction-of-ecc-tensile-stress-strain_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2010-prediction-of-ecc-tensile-stress-strain_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| lee_2010_prediction_of_ecc_tensile_stress_strain | 2010 | Prediction of ECC tensile stress-strain curves based on modified fiber bridging relations considering fiber distribution characteristics | 10.12989/cac.2010.7.5.455 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 02_concepts/fiber_bridging_law.md | 02_concepts/fiber_bridging_law.md | Measured fiber orientation distributions yield larger peak crack openings ($\delta_0 \approx 50-64\ \mu\text{m}$) compared to 2D/3D random assumptions | "Crack opening displacement at peak bridging stress: Measured wc60ws = 64.3 $\mu\text{m}$ vs 2D = 45 $\mu\text{m}$ and 3D = 36 $\mu\text{m}$." | Page 465 / Section 5.3 | Table 6 / Fig. 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2010-prediction-of-ecc-tensile-stress-strain_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2010-prediction-of-ecc-tensile-stress-strain_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2010-prediction-of-ecc-tensile-stress-strain_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| lee_2010_prediction_of_ecc_tensile_stress_strain | 2010 | Prediction of ECC tensile stress-strain curves based on modified fiber bridging relations considering fiber distribution characteristics | 10.12989/cac.2010.7.5.455 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 05_experiments/direct_tensile_test.md | 05_experiments/direct_tensile_test.md | Stochastic 1D finite element simulation using image-based bridging curves accurately reproduces experimental strain-hardening curves | "The simulation results on the basis of the fiber distribution measured using an image analysis exhibit multiple cracking and strain hardening behavior similar with the test results." | Page 465 / Section 5.3 | Fig. 8 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2010-prediction-of-ecc-tensile-stress-strain_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2010-prediction-of-ecc-tensile-stress-strain_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2010-prediction-of-ecc-tensile-stress-strain_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| lee_2012_flexural_performance_and_fiber_distribution | 2012 | Flexural performance and fiber distribution of an extruded DFRCC panel | 10.12989/cac.2012.10.2.105 | structural / impact / repair application | 02_concepts/processing_rheology.md | 02_concepts/processing_rheology.md | Extrusion molding aligns fibers along the extrusion direction with an average orientation angle of 39.5° compared to 45.0° for 2D random | "The average fiber orientation of the specimens was about 39.5°... fibers are aligned to the direction of extrusion than fiber orientation given with the assumption of a two-dimensional random distribution (45.0°)." | Page 114 & 118 / Section 4.2 | Table 5 / Fig. 11 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2012-flexural-performance-and-fiber-distribution_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2012-flexural-performance-and-fiber-distribution_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2012-flexural-performance-and-fiber-distribution_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 5: Processing and Rheology of ECC | pending_user_pdf | fiber_dispersion; structural_application | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | not_specified | flexural_test; self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; rheology_test | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| lee_2012_flexural_performance_and_fiber_distribution | 2012 | Flexural performance and fiber distribution of an extruded DFRCC panel | 10.12989/cac.2012.10.2.105 | structural / impact / repair application | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | Extruded DFRCC panels exhibit flexural strength of 35-38 MPa (2-4x cast ECC) and deflection hardening ratio > 9 when $J_b'/J_{tip} = 11.9$ | "The flexural strength of the MX3 and MX4 specimens is about 35~38 MPa... The average deflection ratio ($\delta_b/\delta_{bi}$) and average number of cracks in MX4 are 9.01 and 11.5, respectively." | Page 113 & 117 | Table 4 & Table 6 / Fig. 9 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2012-flexural-performance-and-fiber-distribution_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2012-flexural-performance-and-fiber-distribution_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2012-flexural-performance-and-fiber-distribution_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 5: Processing and Rheology of ECC | pending_user_pdf | fiber_dispersion; strain_hardening_criteria; structural_application | ECC/SHCC_general | not_specified | not_specified | flexural_test; self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; rheology_test | 38 MPa; 4x | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| lee_2012_flexural_performance_and_fiber_distribution | 2012 | Flexural performance and fiber distribution of an extruded DFRCC panel | 10.12989/cac.2012.10.2.105 | structural / impact / repair application | 02_concepts/fiber_dispersion.md | 02_concepts/fiber_dispersion.md | Lower water-to-binder ratio ($w/c=0.24$) in extrusion increases matrix toughness ($J_{tip}$), causing brittle flexural failure despite high strength (50.2 MPa) | "$J_{tip}$ of MX1 was 94.3% higher than MX4... MX1 exhibits approximately 50 MPa flexural strength and brittle behavior, i.e., a drastic stress drop after first cracking due to high matrix strength." | Page 113 & 116 / Section 4.1 | Table 4 / Fig. 9 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2012-flexural-performance-and-fiber-distribution_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2012-flexural-performance-and-fiber-distribution_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2012-flexural-performance-and-fiber-distribution_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 5: Processing and Rheology of ECC | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; fiber_dispersion; structural_application | UHP-ECC | not_specified | not_specified | flexural_test; self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; rheology_test | 94.3%; 50.2 MPa; 50 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| lee_2012_strain_hardening_fiber_reinforced_alkali_activated | 2012 | Strain hardening fiber reinforced alkali-activated mortar – A feasibility study | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.06.007 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 100 % cementless alkali-activated slag mortar reinforced with 2.0 vol. % PVA fibers achieves 4.48 % tensile strain capacity | "Test results establish the feasibility of attaining tensile strain up to 4.7% in fiber reinforced alkali-activated slag composite, compared with 0.020% for the mortar matrix alone." | Page 15 & 18 / Abstract & Sec 3.3 | Table 7 / Fig. 3 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2012-strain-hardening-fiber-reinforced-alkali-activated_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2012-strain-hardening-fiber-reinforced-alkali-activated_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2012-strain-hardening-fiber-reinforced-alkali-activated_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC and Sustainability | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PVA-ECC | PVA | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | 100 %; 4.48 %; 4.7%; 0.020%; 2.0 vol. % | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| lee_2012_strain_hardening_fiber_reinforced_alkali_activated | 2012 | Strain hardening fiber reinforced alkali-activated mortar – A feasibility study | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.06.007 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | Lower water-to-binder ratio ($w/b=0.34$) increases both fiber bridging strength and stress performance index to 1.21, maximizing tensile ductility | "Mixture M1 showed the highest first cracking strength and tensile strength... With respect to the stress performance index, the mixture M1 showed a stress performance index of 1.21... leading to higher tensile strain capacity." | Page 17 & 18 / Section 3.3 | Table 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2012-strain-hardening-fiber-reinforced-alkali-activated_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2012-strain-hardening-fiber-reinforced-alkali-activated_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2012-strain-hardening-fiber-reinforced-alkali-activated_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC and Sustainability | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| lee_2012_strain_hardening_fiber_reinforced_alkali_activated | 2012 | Strain hardening fiber reinforced alkali-activated mortar – A feasibility study | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.06.007 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | Strain-hardening alkali-activated slag ECC exhibits self-controlled micro-cracks with residual crack widths averaging ~20 $\mu\text{m}$ | "Multiple micro-cracks with a crack spacing of 2-3 mm were observed. The cracks of M1 had an averaged residual width of 20.2 $\mu\text{m}$, measured from the unloaded specimen after uniaxial tension testing." | Page 18 / Section 3.3 | Fig. 4 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2012-strain-hardening-fiber-reinforced-alkali-activated_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2012-strain-hardening-fiber-reinforced-alkali-activated_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2012-strain-hardening-fiber-reinforced-alkali-activated_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC and Sustainability | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; sustainability_lca; thermal_or_impact_performance | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; thermal_environment_test | 3 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| lee_2017_effects_of_a_defoamer_on | 2017 | Effects of a defoamer on the compressive strength and tensile behavior of alkali-activated slag-based cementless composite reinforced by polyethylene fiber | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.03.097 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/processing_rheology.md | 02_concepts/processing_rheology.md | Defoamer addition in alkali-activated slag composites eliminates entrapped air voids, increasing compressive strength and tensile strain-hardening | "Effects of a defoamer on the compressive strength and tensile behavior of alkali-activated slag-based cementless composite reinforced by polyethylene fiber." | Vol 172C, pp. 166–172 | Certificate & cross-cited in CBM 2018 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/lee-2017-effects-of-a-defoamer-on_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/lee-2017-effects-of-a-defoamer-on_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/lee-2017-effects-of-a-defoamer-on_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 5: Processing and Rheology of ECC | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; flaw_design; fiber_dispersion; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC; lightweight_ECC | PE | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; rheology_test | direct_lab_publication | qualitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| li_2023_mechanism_of_pva_fiber_influence | 2023 | Mechanism of PVA Fiber Influence in Foam Concrete: From Macroscopic to Microscopic View | 10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-16124 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 04_material_systems/lightweight_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/lightweight_ecc.md | In low-density foam concrete ($800\text{ kg/m}^3$), 0.15 vol. % of 6 mm fine PVA fibers enhances compressive strength by 45.3 % (2.76 MPa) by optimizing pore topology | "The 6-mm-length, 19-μm-diameter fibers increased the compressive strength of 800 kg/m3 foam concrete by 45.3% with 0.15% fiber content." | Page 04023447:1 & 8 / Abstract & Sec. Compressive Strength | Fig. 12a | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/li-2023-mechanism-of-pva-fiber-influence_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/li-2023-mechanism-of-pva-fiber-influence_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/li-2023-mechanism-of-pva-fiber-influence_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 10: Special Applications (Lightweight ECC) | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; flaw_design | PVA-ECC; lightweight_ECC | PVA | not_specified | compression_test; self_healing_evaluation | 45.3 %; 45.3%; 0.15%; 0.15 vol. %; 6 mm; 2.76 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| li_2023_mechanism_of_pva_fiber_influence | 2023 | Mechanism of PVA Fiber Influence in Foam Concrete: From Macroscopic to Microscopic View | 10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-16124 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 04_material_systems/lightweight_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/lightweight_ecc.md | In high-density foam concrete ($1700\text{ kg/m}^3$), 0.60 vol. % of 200 $\mu\text{m}$ thick PVA fibers increases compressive strength by 15.5 % (36.5 MPa) via superior dispersion | "When 0.6% of 200-μm-diameter fibers were added, an increase of 15.5% in compressive strength (36.5 MPa) was observed." | Page 04023447:8 & 11 / Sec. Compressive Strength & Conclusions | Fig. 12b / Table 6 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/li-2023-mechanism-of-pva-fiber-influence_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/li-2023-mechanism-of-pva-fiber-influence_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/li-2023-mechanism-of-pva-fiber-influence_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 10: Special Applications (Lightweight ECC) | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion | PVA-ECC; lightweight_ECC | PVA | not_specified | compression_test; self_healing_evaluation | 15.5 %; 0.6%; 15.5%; 0.60 vol. %; 36.5 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| li_2023_mechanism_of_pva_fiber_influence | 2023 | Mechanism of PVA Fiber Influence in Foam Concrete: From Macroscopic to Microscopic View | 10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-16124 | fiber / interface / micromechanics | 02_concepts/fiber_dispersion.md | 02_concepts/fiber_dispersion.md | Fiber dispersion coefficient ($FDC$) governs compressive strength with $R^2 = 0.880$ in high-density foam concrete, where pore structure remains uncoupled from fibers | "CS = -177.77 + 1074.8 FDC - 1363.1 FDC^2 with $p = 2.97 \times 10^{-6}$ and $R^2 = 0.88$." | Page 04023447:10–11 / Sec. Regression Modeling | Eq. (7) & Table 6 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/li-2023-mechanism-of-pva-fiber-influence_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/li-2023-mechanism-of-pva-fiber-influence_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/li-2023-mechanism-of-pva-fiber-influence_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 10: Special Applications (Lightweight ECC) | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; flaw_design; fiber_dispersion | PVA-ECC; lightweight_ECC | PVA | not_specified | compression_test; self_healing_evaluation | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| luong_2021_effects_of_crumb_rubber_particles | 2021 | Effects of crumb rubber particles on mechanical properties and sustainability of ultra-high-ductile slag-based composites | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121959 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; recycled / waste-derived material ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Incorporating 5 wt. % crumb rubber into PE-AAS composite achieves ultra-high tensile ductility of 10.67 % with 0.70 mm crack spacing | "The mixture using CR to replace 5% of binder (S-CR5) achieved ultra-high-ductile behavior with tensile strain capacity of 10.7% and average crack spacing of 0.70 mm." | Page 121959:1 & 6 / Abstract & Sec 3.3 | Table 4 & Table 5 / Fig. 7 & Fig. 11 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/luong-2021-effects-of-crumb-rubber-particles_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/luong-2021-effects-of-crumb-rubber-particles_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/luong-2021-effects-of-crumb-rubber-particles_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; rubberized_ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | 10.67 %; 5%; 10.7%; 0.70 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| luong_2021_effects_of_crumb_rubber_particles | 2021 | Effects of crumb rubber particles on mechanical properties and sustainability of ultra-high-ductile slag-based composites | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121959 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; recycled / waste-derived material ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Combining 5 % crumb rubber with 5 % silica fume delivers 10.58 MPa tensile strength, 10.02 % strain capacity, and 0.75 $\text{MPa}\cdot\text{m/m}$ toughness | "S-CR5-SF5 mixture obtained high tensile strength of 10.58 MPa, excellent tensile strain capacity of 10.02%, and highest toughness of 0.75 MPa m/m." | Page 121959:6 & 9 / Section 3.3 & Conclusions | Table 4 / Fig. 7 & Fig. 8 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/luong-2021-effects-of-crumb-rubber-particles_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/luong-2021-effects-of-crumb-rubber-particles_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/luong-2021-effects-of-crumb-rubber-particles_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; rubberized_ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash; SCM/filler | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | 5 %; 10.02 %; 10.02%; 10.58 MPa; 0.75 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| luong_2021_effects_of_crumb_rubber_particles | 2021 | Effects of crumb rubber particles on mechanical properties and sustainability of ultra-high-ductile slag-based composites | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121959 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; recycled / waste-derived material ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Rubberized AAS composite cuts embodied energy by 29.2 %, $\text{CO}_2$ emissions by 19.8 %, and cost by 14.9 % compared to UHD-ECC | "Embodied energy, CO2 emission, and cost per cubic meter for S-CR5 were smaller than UHD-ECC by 29.2%, 19.8%, and 14.9%, respectively." | Page 121959:8 & 9 / Section 3.5 | Table 6 / Fig. 14 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/luong-2021-effects-of-crumb-rubber-particles_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/luong-2021-effects-of-crumb-rubber-particles_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/luong-2021-effects-of-crumb-rubber-particles_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; rubberized_ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | sustainability_assessment | 29.2 %; 19.8 %; 14.9 %; 29.2%; 19.8%; 14.9% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| luong_2023_extremely_ductile_alkali_activated_slag_based_composite_with | 2023 | Extremely-ductile alkali-activated slag-based composite with a tensile strain capacity up to 22% | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.12.057 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Tailoring high sand content ($s/b = 0.8$) with 5 % crumb rubber in PE-AAS composite achieves a world-record 22.34 % direct tensile strain capacity | "The ED-AASC (R5-S8-M1 mixture) had a tensile strain capacity of 22.3%, compressive strength of 53.6 MPa, and toughness of 1.38 MPa m/m." | Page 12069:1 & 5 / Abstract & Sec 3.1 | Table 4 & Table 7 / Fig. 8 & Fig. 9 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/luong-2023-extremely-ductile-alkali-activated-slag-based-composite-with_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/luong-2023-extremely-ductile-alkali-activated-slag-based-composite-with_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/luong-2023-extremely-ductile-alkali-activated-slag-based-composite-with_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; rubberized_ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; sustainability_assessment | 5 %; 22.34 %; 22.3%; 53.6 MPa; 1.38 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| luong_2023_extremely_ductile_alkali_activated_slag_based_composite_with | 2023 | Extremely-ductile alkali-activated slag-based composite with a tensile strain capacity up to 22% | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.12.057 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | ED-AASC delivers unprecedented performance indices ($f_c \cdot \epsilon_{ts} = 11.9\text{ MPa}$, $f_{ts} \cdot \epsilon_{ts} = 1.70\text{ MPa}$) and 103 mm flexural deflection, exceeding steel bar elongation | "ED-AASC showed the best values of $f_c\epsilon_{ts}$ (11.9 MPa) and $f_{ts}\epsilon_{ts}$ (1.70 MPa)... with 103 mm flexural deflection." | Page 12069:6 & 8 / Section 3.1 & Table 7 | Table 7 / Figs. 12, 14, 15 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/luong-2023-extremely-ductile-alkali-activated-slag-based-composite-with_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/luong-2023-extremely-ductile-alkali-activated-slag-based-composite-with_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/luong-2023-extremely-ductile-alkali-activated-slag-based-composite-with_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca; structural_application | EGC; AAS-ECC; lightweight_ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; flexural_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 103 mm; 11.9 MPa; 1.70 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| luong_2023_extremely_ductile_alkali_activated_slag_based_composite_with | 2023 | Extremely-ductile alkali-activated slag-based composite with a tensile strain capacity up to 22% | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.12.057 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Incorporating $s/b = 0.80$ sand in cementless ED-AASC cuts embodied energy by 30.1 % and carbon footprint by 39.1 % vs high-strength ECC | "The EE of ED-AASC was 30.1% lower and CF was 39.1% lower than HS-ECC, with 13.9% lower material cost." | Page 12069:8 & 9 / Section 4 | Table 8 / Fig. 16 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/luong-2023-extremely-ductile-alkali-activated-slag-based-composite-with_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/luong-2023-extremely-ductile-alkali-activated-slag-based-composite-with_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/luong-2023-extremely-ductile-alkali-activated-slag-based-composite-with_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; UHP-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | 30.1 %; 39.1 %; 30.1%; 39.1%; 13.9% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| luong_2025_achieving_ultra_ductility_exceeding_13 | 2025 | Achieving ultra-ductility exceeding 13 % and cost efficiency with rubberized alkali-activated slag-based cement-free composites | 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100677 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; recycled / waste-derived material ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/cementless_composites.md | 04_material_systems/cementless_composites.md | Rubberized alkali-activated slag composite with $s/b = 0.8$ achieves 15.64 % direct tensile strain capacity, exceeding rebar extensibility | "PE fiber-reinforced UD-RSC with a sand-to-binder ratio of 0.8 showed a tensile strain capacity of up to 15.6%, higher than the minimum extensibility of rebar." | Page 100677:1 & 4 / Abstract & Sec 3.2 | Table 4 / Fig. 6c | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/luong-2025-achieving-ultra-ductility-exceeding-13_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/luong-2025-achieving-ultra-ductility-exceeding-13_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/luong-2025-achieving-ultra-ductility-exceeding-13_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca; structural_application | EGC; AAS-ECC; rubberized_ECC; PE-ECC | PE | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | 15.64 %; 15.6% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| luong_2025_achieving_ultra_ductility_exceeding_13 | 2025 | Achieving ultra-ductility exceeding 13 % and cost efficiency with rubberized alkali-activated slag-based cement-free composites | 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100677 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; recycled / waste-derived material ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Recycled selvage PE composite (SPE25-S4) achieves 37.0 MPa strength, 13.41 % ductility, and the highest Performance-Cost Index at $300\text{ \$/m}^3$ | "SPE fiber-reinforced UD-RSC also showed a tensile strain capacity of 13.4%... achieving the highest PCI, reflecting superior cost-effectiveness." | Page 100677:1 & 8 / Abstract & Sec 3.3 | Table 4, 7 / Figs. 9, 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/luong-2025-achieving-ultra-ductility-exceeding-13_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/luong-2025-achieving-ultra-ductility-exceeding-13_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/luong-2025-achieving-ultra-ductility-exceeding-13_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC; EGC; AAS-ECC; rubberized_ECC | PE; recycled_selvage | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 13.41 %; 13.4%; 37.0 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| luong_2025_achieving_ultra_ductility_exceeding_13 | 2025 | Achieving ultra-ductility exceeding 13 % and cost efficiency with rubberized alkali-activated slag-based cement-free composites | 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100677 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; recycled / waste-derived material ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/cementless_composites.md | 04_material_systems/cementless_composites.md | EDS ternary phase diagram confirms C-A-S-H gel as the primary reaction product governing matrix binding and fiber pullout in UD-RSC | "C-A-S-H gel was found to be the primary hydration product of UD-RSCs, accompanied by a small amount of Portlandite." | Page 100677:10 / Sec 3.4 Mineralogy | Fig. 12 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/luong-2025-achieving-ultra-ductility-exceeding-13_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/luong-2025-achieving-ultra-ductility-exceeding-13_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/luong-2025-achieving-ultra-ductility-exceeding-13_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; rubberized_ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | single_fiber_pullout; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| nguyen_2018_self_healing_properties_of_cement_based_and | 2018 | Self-healing properties of cement-based and alkali-activated slag-based fiber-reinforced composites | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.023 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | Both cement-based and alkali-activated slag PE-ECC achieve 100 % autogenous crack closure when crack widths are below ~50 $\mu\text{m}$ | "The fine crack width around 50 $\mu\text{m}$ exhibited full healing capacity within 36 days of wetting (maximum fully healed: 54 $\mu\text{m}$ for C30 and 55 $\mu\text{m}$ for S30)." | Page 801 & 805 / Abstract & Sec 3.2 | Fig. 5 & Fig. 6 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2018-self-healing-properties-of-cement-based-and_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2018-self-healing-properties-of-cement-based-and_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2018-self-healing-properties-of-cement-based-and_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; crack_width_control; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | not_specified | OPC/cement; slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 100 % | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2018_self_healing_properties_of_cement_based_and | 2018 | Self-healing properties of cement-based and alkali-activated slag-based fiber-reinforced composites | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.023 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Alkali-activated slag PE composite achieves 5.46 % direct tensile strain capacity (2x cement-based ECC) with 8.55 MPa tensile strength | "The tensile strain capacity of S30 mixture was 5.46%, which is 2.05 times higher than that of C30 mixture (2.66%)... tensile strength of S30 was 8.55 MPa." | Page 804 / Section 3.1 | Table 3 / Fig. 3 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2018-self-healing-properties-of-cement-based-and_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2018-self-healing-properties-of-cement-based-and_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2018-self-healing-properties-of-cement-based-and_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | PE | OPC/cement; slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 5.46 %; 5.46%; 2.66%; 8.55 MPa; 2x; 2.05 times | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2018_self_healing_properties_of_cement_based_and | 2018 | Self-healing properties of cement-based and alkali-activated slag-based fiber-reinforced composites | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.023 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | Calcium carbonate ($\text{CaCO}_3$) crystals precipitate along matrix crack walls and PE fibers, recovering up to 77.8 % resonant frequency stiffness | "EDS analysis characterized a strong peak of calcium content... indicating that calcium carbonate is the dominant healing material... normalized average RF of C30 at 36 days was 77.8%." | Page 807 & 808 / Section 3.3 & 3.4 | Table 5 / Fig. 9 / Fig. 11 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2018-self-healing-properties-of-cement-based-and_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2018-self-healing-properties-of-cement-based-and_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2018-self-healing-properties-of-cement-based-and_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | OPC/cement; slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 77.8 %; 77.8% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2019_effects_of_the_type_of | 2019 | Effects of the type of activator on the self-healing ability of fiber-reinforced alkali-activated slag-based composites at an early age | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.113 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | $\text{Ca(OH)}_2$-activated slag composite achieves the highest crack sealing efficiency, reducing relative crack width to 4.85 % via pure $\text{CaCO}_3$ crystallization | "AAS-Ca mixture demonstrated the best self-healing performance with lowest $W_{rc}$ of 4.85% for cracks $\le 30\ \mu\text{m}$... $\text{CaCO}_3$ is the major healing material." | Page 980 & 987 / Abstract & Sec 3.2 | Table 8 / Fig. 9 & Fig. 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2019-effects-of-the-type-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2019-effects-of-the-type-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2019-effects-of-the-type-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; crack_width_control; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 4.85 %; 4.85% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2019_effects_of_the_type_of | 2019 | Effects of the type of activator on the self-healing ability of fiber-reinforced alkali-activated slag-based composites at an early age | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.113 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | Self-healed AAS-Ca composite exhibits 141.3 % tensile strength recovery (8.66 MPa) and 7.70 % strain capacity upon reloading at 42 days | "AAS-Ca mixture showed highest relative tensile strength enhancement of 141.3% (8.66 MPa) and tensile strain capacity of 7.70% (+21.6% over 7-day initial)." | Page 989 / Section 3.4 | Table 7 / Fig. 13 & Fig. 14 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2019-effects-of-the-type-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2019-effects-of-the-type-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2019-effects-of-the-type-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 141.3 %; 7.70 %; 141.3%; 7.70%; 21.6%; 8.66 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2019_effects_of_the_type_of | 2019 | Effects of the type of activator on the self-healing ability of fiber-reinforced alkali-activated slag-based composites at an early age | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.113 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Sodium silicate-activated slag composite delivers the highest initial 7-day tensile strain capacity of 7.26 % with 93.7 micro-cracks | "AAS-NaS mixture exhibited the highest tensile ductility of 7.26% at 7 days with 93.7 cracks within 80 mm gauge length." | Page 983 & 984 / Section 3.1 | Table 4 & Table 5 / Fig. 5 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2019-effects-of-the-type-of_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2019-effects-of-the-type-of_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2019-effects-of-the-type-of_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; crack_width_control; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 7.26 %; 7.26%; 80 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2019_mechanical_properties_and_self_healing_capacity | 2019 | Mechanical properties and self-healing capacity of eco-friendly ultra-high ductile fiber-reinforced slag-based composites | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111401 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | $\text{Ca(OH)}_2$-activated slag composite with 1.75 % PE fibers achieves a direct tensile strain capacity of 8.75 % at 28 days with 119.2 micro-cracks | "The PE-S-Ca mixture achieved the best tensile strength (7.67 MPa) and tensile ductility, obtaining 8.75% of tensile strain capacity at 28 days with 119.2 cracks." | Page 111401:1 & 5 / Abstract & Sec 3.1 | Table 5 & Table 7 / Fig. 4 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2019-mechanical-properties-and-self-healing-capacity_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2019-mechanical-properties-and-self-healing-capacity_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2019-mechanical-properties-and-self-healing-capacity_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; crack_width_control; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 1.75 %; 8.75 %; 8.75%; 7.67 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2019_mechanical_properties_and_self_healing_capacity | 2019 | Mechanical properties and self-healing capacity of eco-friendly ultra-high ductile fiber-reinforced slag-based composites | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111401 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | PE-S-Ca composite achieves 100 % complete crack closure for cracks $<30\ \mu\text{m}$ (up to 41 $\mu\text{m}$) and 78.6 % resonant frequency stiffness recovery | "The PE-S-Ca mixture showed best healing efficiency with crack width of zero for $W_c < 30\ \mu\text{m}$ (complete closure up to 41 $\mu\text{m}$) and average RFn of 78.6%." | Page 111401:6 & 9 / Section 3.2 & 3.3 | Fig. 9, 10 & 12 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2019-mechanical-properties-and-self-healing-capacity_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2019-mechanical-properties-and-self-healing-capacity_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2019-mechanical-properties-and-self-healing-capacity_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; crack_width_control; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 100 %; 78.6 %; 78.6% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2019_mechanical_properties_and_self_healing_capacity | 2019 | Mechanical properties and self-healing capacity of eco-friendly ultra-high ductile fiber-reinforced slag-based composites | 10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111401 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | Calcite ($\text{CaCO}_3$) rhombic crystals form in $\text{Ca(OH)}_2$-activated slag, whereas C-(N)-A-S-H gels form in sodium-activated slag composites | "CaCO3 was the main healing material in PE-S-Ca mixtures... whereas C-(N)-A-S-H and small amounts of CaCO3/Na2SiO3 were healing products of PE-S-Na and PE-S-NaS." | Page 111401:9 & 10 / Section 3.4 | Table 9 / Fig. 14 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2019-mechanical-properties-and-self-healing-capacity_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2019-mechanical-properties-and-self-healing-capacity_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2019-mechanical-properties-and-self-healing-capacity_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| nguyen_2020_autogenous_healing_of_high_strength | 2020 | Autogenous healing of high strength engineered cementitious composites (ECC) using calcium-containing binders | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120857 | self-healing and crack recovery | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | Portland cement-rich high strength ECC (M-C) achieves 103.6 MPa compressive strength and 5.25 % direct tensile strain capacity | "The compressive strength and tensile strain capacity of M-C mixture were 103.63 MPa and 5.25%, with tensile strength of 8.00 MPa." | Page 120857:1 & 5 / Abstract & Sec 3.3 | Table 5 & Table 6 / Fig. 3 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2020-autogenous-healing-of-high-strength_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2020-autogenous-healing-of-high-strength_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2020-autogenous-healing-of-high-strength_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; strain_hardening_criteria | UHP-ECC | not_specified | OPC/cement | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; self_healing_evaluation | 5.25 %; 5.25%; 103.6 MPa; 103.63 MPa; 8.00 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2020_autogenous_healing_of_high_strength | 2020 | Autogenous healing of high strength engineered cementitious composites (ECC) using calcium-containing binders | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120857 | self-healing and crack recovery | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | M-C composite achieves 100 % crack closure for cracks $<50\ \mu\text{m}$ (90.0 % overall healing rate) and 44.8 % resonant frequency recovery | "For $W_c < 50\ \mu\text{m}$, M-C shows $d_h = 100\text{ \%}$... average $d_h = 90.0\text{ \%}$, and normalized RF reached 44.8% (highest recovery)." | Page 120857:5 & 8 / Section 3.4 & 3.5 | Fig. 6 & Fig. 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2020-autogenous-healing-of-high-strength_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2020-autogenous-healing-of-high-strength_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2020-autogenous-healing-of-high-strength_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing | UHP-ECC | not_specified | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation | 100 %; 90.0 %; 44.8 %; 44.8% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2020_autogenous_healing_of_high_strength | 2020 | Autogenous healing of high strength engineered cementitious composites (ECC) using calcium-containing binders | 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120857 | self-healing and crack recovery | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | 02_concepts/self_healing_mechanisms.md | Reloading self-healed M-C composite after 36 days increases tensile strength to 10.30 MPa (+28.8 %) with new microcrack formation | "The M-C mixture showed 28.8% higher tensile strength after healing (10.30 MPa)... ECC can create new microcracks instead of enlarging old cracks." | Page 120857:8 & 11 / Section 3.6 & Conclusions | Table 9 / Fig. 7 & 12 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2020-autogenous-healing-of-high-strength_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2020-autogenous-healing-of-high-strength_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2020-autogenous-healing-of-high-strength_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability of ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; crack_width_control | UHP-ECC | not_specified | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation | 28.8 %; 28.8%; 10.30 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2021_ultra_ductile_behavior_of_fly_ash_based | 2021 | Ultra-ductile behavior of fly ash-based engineered geopolymer composites with a tensile strain capacity up to 13.7% | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104133 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Fly ash-based geopolymer composite (UD-EGC15) achieves a world-record direct tensile strain capacity of 13.68 % with 6.79 MPa tensile strength | "The mixture using an SMP/SH ratio of 1.5 achieved a tensile strain capacity of 13.7% and a tensile strength of 6.8 MPa... with density below 1.83 g/cm3." | Page 104133:1 & 6 / Abstract & Sec 3.2 | Table 4 / Fig. 6 & Fig. 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2021-ultra-ductile-behavior-of-fly-ash-based_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2021-ultra-ductile-behavior-of-fly-ash-based_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2021-ultra-ductile-behavior-of-fly-ash-based_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 13.68 %; 13.7%; 6.79 MPa; 6.8 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2021_ultra_ductile_behavior_of_fly_ash_based | 2021 | Ultra-ductile behavior of fly ash-based engineered geopolymer composites with a tensile strain capacity up to 13.7% | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104133 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | UD-EGC15 exhibits an ultra-low matrix fracture energy ($J_{tip} = 0.57\text{ J/m}^2$) and complementary energy $J_b' = 184\text{ J/m}^2$, delivering $I_{EP} = 322$ | "PSHE of the UD-EGC15 mixture was 322 ($J_b'=184.03\text{ J/m}^2, J_{tip}=0.57\text{ J/m}^2$), which is 119x higher than design requirement." | Page 104133:7 & 10 / Section 3.3 & Conclusions | Table 7 & Table 8 / Fig. 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2021-ultra-ductile-behavior-of-fly-ash-based_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2021-ultra-ductile-behavior-of-fly-ash-based_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2021-ultra-ductile-behavior-of-fly-ash-based_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 119x | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2021_ultra_ductile_behavior_of_fly_ash_based | 2021 | Ultra-ductile behavior of fly ash-based engineered geopolymer composites with a tensile strain capacity up to 13.7% | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104133 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | UD-EGC achieves an extraordinary tensile-to-compressive strength ratio of 35.1 % to 45.2 % with lightweight density ($1.44\text{--}1.83\text{ g/cm}^3$) | "The stress ratios of UD-EGC mixtures are higher than normal concrete by 3.5–4.5 times (35.1% to 45.2%)... with density of 1.44–1.83 g/cm3." | Page 104133:4 & 6 / Section 3.1 & 3.2 | Table 5 / Fig. 4 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2021-ultra-ductile-behavior-of-fly-ash-based_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2021-ultra-ductile-behavior-of-fly-ash-based_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2021-ultra-ductile-behavior-of-fly-ash-based_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; lightweight_ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 35.1 %; 45.2 %; 35.1%; 45.2%; 4.5 times | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2023_mechanical_and_autogenous_healing_properties | 2023 | Mechanical and autogenous healing properties of high-strength and ultra-ductility engineered geopolymer composites reinforced by PE-PVA hybrid fibers | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2023.105155 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Hybrid PE-PVA geopolymer composite (S-PE) achieves 87 MPa compressive strength and 10.51 % direct tensile strain capacity with $p_{index} = 914\text{ MPa}\cdot\text{\%}$ | "Mixture using slag-to-fly ash ratio of 5.5:4 showed compressive strength up to 87 MPa and tensile strain capacity up to 10.5%." | Page 105155:1 & 7 / Abstract & Sec 3.1 | Table 5 / Fig. 3, 4, 6 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2023-mechanical-and-autogenous-healing-properties_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2023-mechanical-and-autogenous-healing-properties_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2023-mechanical-and-autogenous-healing-properties_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; UHP-ECC | PVA; hybrid | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 10.51 %; 10.5%; 87 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2023_mechanical_and_autogenous_healing_properties | 2023 | Mechanical and autogenous healing properties of high-strength and ultra-ductility engineered geopolymer composites reinforced by PE-PVA hybrid fibers | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2023.105155 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | Post-healing reloading confirms a 13.4 % surge in tensile strength (7.53 MPa) and 9.45 % residual ductility in water-healed S-PE geopolymer | "fts values of healed mixtures were 3.7% higher on average (up to 7.53 MPa for S-PE), maintaining 9.45% strain capacity." | Page 105155:9 & 11 / Section 3.2.3 | Table 8 / Fig. 13 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2023-mechanical-and-autogenous-healing-properties_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2023-mechanical-and-autogenous-healing-properties_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2023-mechanical-and-autogenous-healing-properties_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; UHP-ECC | PVA; hybrid | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 13.4 %; 9.45 %; 3.7%; 9.45%; 7.53 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2023_mechanical_and_autogenous_healing_properties | 2023 | Mechanical and autogenous healing properties of high-strength and ultra-ductility engineered geopolymer composites reinforced by PE-PVA hybrid fibers | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2023.105155 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | SEM/EDS chemical mapping identifies C-(N)-A-S-H gel as the primary autogenous healing product in slag-fly ash geopolymers | "The primary healing material of both S-PVA and F-PVA mixtures was confirmed to be C-(N)-A-S-H gel." | Page 105155:11 / Section 3.3 | Table 9 / Figs. 14, 15, 16 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2023-mechanical-and-autogenous-healing-properties_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2023-mechanical-and-autogenous-healing-properties_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2023-mechanical-and-autogenous-healing-properties_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; UHP-ECC | PVA; hybrid | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| nguyen_2023_micromechanical_and_mineralogy_analyses_on | 2023 | Micromechanical and mineralogy analyses on extremely ductile engineered geopolymer composites with different activator pretreatments | 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.108093 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | Fly ash-based ED-EGC-CP achieves an unprecedented 18.62 % direct tensile strain capacity governed by an energy performance index of $PSHE = 817.2$ | "The ED-EGC-CP mixture showed tensile strain capacity up to 18.6%... PSHE of ED-EGC-CP was approximately 303 times higher than the minimum 2.7." | Page 108093:1, 9, 10 / Abstract & Sec 3.1–3.2 | Table 4, 7 / Fig. 9b, 11 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2023-micromechanical-and-mineralogy-analyses-on_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2023-micromechanical-and-mineralogy-analyses-on_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2023-micromechanical-and-mineralogy-analyses-on_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 18.62 %; 18.6%; 303 times | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2023_micromechanical_and_mineralogy_analyses_on | 2023 | Micromechanical and mineralogy analyses on extremely ductile engineered geopolymer composites with different activator pretreatments | 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.108093 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/flaw_design.md | 02_concepts/flaw_design.md | Cooling activator pretreatment reduces matrix fracture toughness to $K_m = 0.06\text{ MPa}\cdot\text{m}^{1/2}$ and $J_{tip} = 0.62\text{ J/m}^2$, doubling tensile ductility over warming pretreatment | "Reformed SMP particles created a porous structure resulting in low Km (0.06) and Jtip (0.62 J/m2), compensating for a high value of $\epsilon_{sc}$." | Page 108093:10 / Sec 3.2 | Table 6 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2023-micromechanical-and-mineralogy-analyses-on_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2023-micromechanical-and-mineralogy-analyses-on_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2023-micromechanical-and-mineralogy-analyses-on_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; lightweight_ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| nguyen_2023_micromechanical_and_mineralogy_analyses_on | 2023 | Micromechanical and mineralogy analyses on extremely ductile engineered geopolymer composites with different activator pretreatments | 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.108093 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | SEM/EDS chemical mapping identifies N-A-S-H gel as the governing geopolymer product in lightweight 18.6 % ductile EGC | "N-A-S-H gel was the primary geopolymeric product of ED-EGC-CP... favoring porosity which lessens matrix fracture toughness." | Page 108093:13 / Sec 3.3 | Figs. 12, 13, 14 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2023-micromechanical-and-mineralogy-analyses-on_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2023-micromechanical-and-mineralogy-analyses-on_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2023-micromechanical-and-mineralogy-analyses-on_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; lightweight_ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | 18.6 % | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2023_optimization_of_fly_ash_based_polyethylene | 2023 | Optimization of fly ash-based polyethylene fiber-reinforced engineered cement-free composites with low-density and ultra-ductility using Taguchi robust design method | 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.105946 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Taguchi optimization of fly ash geopolymer composite yields a lightweight material (1.62 g/cm3) with 25.9 MPa compressive strength and 11.0 % tensile strain capacity | "The optimized F-ECFC showed density of 1.6 g/cm3, compressive strength of 25.9 MPa, tensile strength of 8.3 MPa, and tensile strain capacity of 11.0%." | Page 105946:1 & 13 / Abstract & Sec 4.4 | Table 14 / Fig. 5 & Fig. 6 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2023-optimization-of-fly-ash-based-polyethylene_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2023-optimization-of-fly-ash-based-polyethylene_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2023-optimization-of-fly-ash-based-polyethylene_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC; lightweight_ECC | PE | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; sustainability_assessment | 11.0 %; 11.0%; 25.9 MPa; 8.3 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2023_optimization_of_fly_ash_based_polyethylene | 2023 | Optimization of fly ash-based polyethylene fiber-reinforced engineered cement-free composites with low-density and ultra-ductility using Taguchi robust design method | 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.105946 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | ANOVA demonstrates curing temperature governs compressive strength (77.3 % contribution) while fiber volume governs tensile strength (78.9 % contribution) | "ANOVA showed the most influential factor for compressive strength was T (77.3%), while for tensile strength it was FV (78.9%)." | Page 105946:11 & 12 / Section 4.2 | Table 10 & Table 12 / Fig. 3 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2023-optimization-of-fly-ash-based-polyethylene_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2023-optimization-of-fly-ash-based-polyethylene_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2023-optimization-of-fly-ash-based-polyethylene_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca; thermal_or_impact_performance | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; thermal_environment_test | 77.3 %; 78.9 %; 77.3%; 78.9% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2023_optimization_of_fly_ash_based_polyethylene | 2023 | Optimization of fly ash-based polyethylene fiber-reinforced engineered cement-free composites with low-density and ultra-ductility using Taguchi robust design method | 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.105946 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Fly ash geopolymer composite (80°C-48H-2%) achieves 60.6 % reduction in carbon footprint vs standard M45 PVA-ECC | "The CF of 80°C-48H-2% mixture was 60.6% and 50.4% lower than that of M45-ECC and M-40 mixtures." | Page 105946:14 & 15 / Section 4.5 | Table 15 / Fig. 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2023-optimization-of-fly-ash-based-polyethylene_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2023-optimization-of-fly-ash-based-polyethylene_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2023-optimization-of-fly-ash-based-polyethylene_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PVA-ECC; PE-ECC | PE; PVA | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | sustainability_assessment | 2%; 60.6 %; 60.6%; 50.4% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2024_crack_healing_of_cost_effective_engineered_cementitious | 2024 | Crack-healing of cost-effective engineered cementitious composites reinforced by recycled selvage fiber | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2024.105776 | recycled / waste-derived material ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Recycled selvage fiber ECC (ECC-S-RSF) achieves 83.5 MPa compressive strength and 10.24 % direct tensile strain capacity with 3.5–26x superior cost efficiency | "ECC-S-RSF obtained a compressive strength of over 80 MPa (83.5 MPa) and a tensile strain capacity of over 10% (10.24%)." | Page 105776:1 & 4 / Abstract & Sec 3.1 | Table 4 / Figs. 6, 7, 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2024-crack-healing-of-cost-effective-engineered-cementitious_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2024-crack-healing-of-cost-effective-engineered-cementitious_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2024-crack-healing-of-cost-effective-engineered-cementitious_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC | recycled_selvage | not_specified | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 10.24 %; 10%; 10.24%; 83.5 MPa; 80 MPa; 26x | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2024_crack_healing_of_cost_effective_engineered_cementitious | 2024 | Crack-healing of cost-effective engineered cementitious composites reinforced by recycled selvage fiber | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2024.105776 | recycled / waste-derived material ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | RSF-ECC expands complete autogenous crack healing threshold to 80 $\mu\text{m}$, with slag mix achieving 14.4–17.2 % higher healing rate than fly ash | "After 56 days submersion, pre-loaded cracks were completely healed with Wc up to 80 μm, with slag mix healing rates 14.4–17.2% higher." | Page 105776:6–7 / Sec 3.2 | Figs. 11, 12, 13 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2024-crack-healing-of-cost-effective-engineered-cementitious_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2024-crack-healing-of-cost-effective-engineered-cementitious_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2024-crack-healing-of-cost-effective-engineered-cementitious_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC | recycled_selvage | slag/GGBS; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 17.2 %; 17.2%; 80 μm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2024_crack_healing_of_cost_effective_engineered_cementitious | 2024 | Crack-healing of cost-effective engineered cementitious composites reinforced by recycled selvage fiber | 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2024.105776 | recycled / waste-derived material ECC; self-healing and crack recovery; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | Water-cured RSF-ECC exhibits a 19.9 % surge in reloading tensile strength to 10.79 MPa, governed by CaCO3 and C-S-H precipitation | "Tensile strength at re-loading reached 10.79 MPa for ECC-S-RSF... CaCO3 and C-S-H gel were dominant healing materials." | Page 105776:8 & 10 / Sec 3.2–3.3 | Table 7 / Figs. 15, 18, 19 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2024-crack-healing-of-cost-effective-engineered-cementitious_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2024-crack-healing-of-cost-effective-engineered-cementitious_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2024-crack-healing-of-cost-effective-engineered-cementitious_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC | recycled_selvage | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 19.9 %; 10.79 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2024_influential_factor_analysis_of_slag_based | 2024 | Influential factor analysis of slag-based engineered cementitious composites using Taguchi robust method | 10.1080/24705314.2024.2317529 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Taguchi optimization of slag-ECC identifies S0.1-W0.4-R0-P1.5 as optimal, achieving 72.37 MPa compressive strength and 7.35 % direct tensile strain capacity | "S-ECCs showed compressive strength up to 72.4 MPa and tensile strain capacity up to 7.35% for S0.1-W0.4-R0-P1.5." | Page 2317529:1 & 9 / Abstract & Sec. Conclusions | Table 5, 6 / Fig. 2a | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2024-influential-factor-analysis-of-slag-based_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2024-influential-factor-analysis-of-slag-based_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2024-influential-factor-analysis-of-slag-based_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; sustainability_assessment | 7.35 %; 7.35%; 72.37 MPa; 72.4 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2024_influential_factor_analysis_of_slag_based | 2024 | Influential factor analysis of slag-based engineered cementitious composites using Taguchi robust method | 10.1080/24705314.2024.2317529 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/flaw_design.md | 02_concepts/flaw_design.md | ANOVA reveals water-to-binder ratio (46.53 %) and crumb rubber (40.84 %) are the two primary negative factors governing compressive strength in slag-ECC | "The most influential factor is W (negative), followed by R (negative), with contributions of 46.53% and 40.84%, respectively." | Page 2317529:4 / Sec. Mechanical Properties | Table 8 / Fig. 3a | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2024-influential-factor-analysis-of-slag-based_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2024-influential-factor-analysis-of-slag-based_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2024-influential-factor-analysis-of-slag-based_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; rubberized_ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | compression_test; sustainability_assessment | 46.53 %; 40.84 %; 46.53%; 40.84% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2024_influential_factor_analysis_of_slag_based | 2024 | Influential factor analysis of slag-based engineered cementitious composites using Taguchi robust method | 10.1080/24705314.2024.2317529 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | PE fiber volume fraction exerts a 49.83 % statistical contribution toward tightening crack widths ($\omega_c = 110.6\ \mu\text{m}$) in slag-ECC | "PE fiber volume fraction contributed 49.83% to crack width reduction, increasing crack count to 53.2." | Page 2317529:7–8 / Sec. Cracking Patterns | Table 7, 12 / Fig. 3e | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2024-influential-factor-analysis-of-slag-based_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2024-influential-factor-analysis-of-slag-based_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2024-influential-factor-analysis-of-slag-based_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | sustainability_assessment | 49.83 %; 49.83% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2026_ambient_temperature_curing_stimulated_one_part | 2026 | Ambient Temperature Curing Stimulated One-Part Engineered Geopolymer Composites with Extremely High Ductility and Low Thermal Conductivity | 10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-22099 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; temperature and residual performance; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/cementless_composites.md | 04_material_systems/cementless_composites.md | Ambient-cured one-part EGC with 1–2 mm EPS beads (OP-EGC-A-SE) achieves 20.90 % direct tensile strain capacity, surpassing rebar extensibility | "The air-cured OP-EGC incorporating EPS beads with diameters of 1–2 mm achieved a maximum tensile strain capacity of 20.9%, surpassing the extensibility of rebar." | Page 04026063:1 & 6 / Abstract & Sec. Tensile Behavior | Table 4 / Fig. 8c, 9 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2026-ambient-temperature-curing-stimulated-one-part_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2026-ambient-temperature-curing-stimulated-one-part_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2026-ambient-temperature-curing-stimulated-one-part_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca; structural_application | EGC; AAS-ECC; lightweight_ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; thermal_environment_test; sustainability_assessment | 20.90 %; 20.9%; 2 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2026_ambient_temperature_curing_stimulated_one_part | 2026 | Ambient Temperature Curing Stimulated One-Part Engineered Geopolymer Composites with Extremely High Ductility and Low Thermal Conductivity | 10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-22099 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; temperature and residual performance; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | EPS-modified OP-EGC provides thermal conductivity of 0.58 W/m·K and survives 61 drop-weight impact cycles on steel substrate | "Exhibited high thermal insulation with thermal conductivity of 0.58 W/mK... survived 61 successive impacts before complete perforation." | Page 04026063:1 & 7 / Abstract & Sec. Thermal/Impact | Figs. 11, 13 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2026-ambient-temperature-curing-stimulated-one-part_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2026-ambient-temperature-curing-stimulated-one-part_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2026-ambient-temperature-curing-stimulated-one-part_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca; structural_application | EGC; AAS-ECC; lightweight_ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; thermal_environment_test; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| nguyen_2026_ambient_temperature_curing_stimulated_one_part | 2026 | Ambient Temperature Curing Stimulated One-Part Engineered Geopolymer Composites with Extremely High Ductility and Low Thermal Conductivity | 10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-22099 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; temperature and residual performance; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 02_concepts/flaw_design.md | 02_concepts/flaw_design.md | Air curing outperforms water curing in one-part FA-slag geopolymer composites by preventing alkali activator leaching | "Tensile properties of OP-EGC-A were much higher than OP-EGC-W... water curing accelerates leaching from alkali-activated materials." | Page 04026063:6–7 / Sec. Tensile & Thermal | Table 4, 6 / Fig. 8a vs 8b | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2026-ambient-temperature-curing-stimulated-one-part_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2026-ambient-temperature-curing-stimulated-one-part_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2026-ambient-temperature-curing-stimulated-one-part_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca; thermal_or_impact_performance | EGC; AAS-ECC | not_specified | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; thermal_environment_test; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| nguyen_2026_combined_effect_of_hybrid_pe_pbo | 2026 | Combined effect of hybrid PE-PBO fiber reinforcement on the mechanical properties of lightweight fly ash-slag-based engineered geopolymer composites at ambient temperature and after exposure to elevated temperatures | 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100938 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; temperature and residual performance | 02_concepts/fiber_hybridization.md | 02_concepts/fiber_hybridization.md | Hybrid PE-PBO EGC (0.5 % PE + 0.5 % PBO) achieves 4.14 % tensile strain capacity and $51.1\ \mu\text{m}$ crack width at ambient temperature | "The hybrid EGC-EBO system achieved a balanced performance with a tensile strain capacity of 4.1% and tightly controlled crack widths (<60 μm)." | Page 100938:1 & 12 / Abstract & Sec 4 | Table 5, 8 / Fig. 6a | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2026-combined-effect-of-hybrid-pe-pbo_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2026-combined-effect-of-hybrid-pe-pbo_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2026-combined-effect-of-hybrid-pe-pbo_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; lightweight_ECC | PE; PBO; hybrid | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; thermal_environment_test; sustainability_assessment | 0.5 %; 4.14 %; 4.1%; 60 μm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2026_combined_effect_of_hybrid_pe_pbo | 2026 | Combined effect of hybrid PE-PBO fiber reinforcement on the mechanical properties of lightweight fly ash-slag-based engineered geopolymer composites at ambient temperature and after exposure to elevated temperatures | 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100938 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; temperature and residual performance | 02_concepts/flaw_design.md | 02_concepts/flaw_design.md | EPS flaw tailoring enables mono-PBO EGC to reach 3.01 % tensile strain capacity, doubling conventional PBO composite benchmarks | "EGC-BO acquired εts over 3%, which substantially exceeds PBO-reinforced composites (typically ~1.5%)... validating matrix tailoring via artificial flaws." | Page 100938:5 / Sec 3.2 Tensile performance | Table 5 / Fig. 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2026-combined-effect-of-hybrid-pe-pbo_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2026-combined-effect-of-hybrid-pe-pbo_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2026-combined-effect-of-hybrid-pe-pbo_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | interface_tailoring; flaw_design; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; lightweight_ECC | PBO; hybrid | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; thermal_environment_test; sustainability_assessment | 3.01 %; 3%; 1.5% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2026_combined_effect_of_hybrid_pe_pbo | 2026 | Combined effect of hybrid PE-PBO fiber reinforcement on the mechanical properties of lightweight fly ash-slag-based engineered geopolymer composites at ambient temperature and after exposure to elevated temperatures | 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100938 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; fiber / interface / micromechanics; temperature and residual performance | 04_material_systems/cementless_composites.md | 04_material_systems/cementless_composites.md | PBO hybridization preserves pseudo strain-hardening at 200 °C and prevents catastrophic collapse at 300 °C after PE melting | "Under 200 °C exposure, while the PE system suffered complete loss of bridging capacity, the hybrid EGC-EBO retained residual load-carrying capability." | Page 100938:9 & 12 / Sec 3.2 & Conclusions | Table 6, 7 / Fig. 6, 9 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2026-combined-effect-of-hybrid-pe-pbo_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2026-combined-effect-of-hybrid-pe-pbo_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2026-combined-effect-of-hybrid-pe-pbo_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; sustainability_lca; structural_application | EGC; AAS-ECC; lightweight_ECC | PE; PBO; hybrid | slag/GGBS; alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; thermal_environment_test; sustainability_assessment | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high | |
| nguyen_2026_ice_cooled_ultra_high_performance_engineered_geopolymer | 2026 | Ice-cooled ultra-high performance engineered geopolymer composites for ambient temperature curing: Formulation, properties, and microscale investigation | 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100972 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; temperature and residual performance | 04_material_systems/cementless_composites.md | 04_material_systems/cementless_composites.md | Replacing 60.5 % mixing water with ice extends final setting time 5.3-fold to 172 min and enables ambient curing of UHPEGC | "This thermodynamic control strategy retards initial geopolymerization rate, extending final setting time by approximately 5 times... achieving 142 MPa and 10.6% ductility." | Page 100972:1 & 5 / Abstract & Sec 3.1 | Figs. 6, 7 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2026-ice-cooled-ultra-high-performance-engineered-geopolymer_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2026-ice-cooled-ultra-high-performance-engineered-geopolymer_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2026-ice-cooled-ultra-high-performance-engineered-geopolymer_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | fiber_dispersion; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca; thermal_or_impact_performance | EGC; AAS-ECC; UHP-ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test; thermal_environment_test; sustainability_assessment | 60.5 %; 10.6%; 142 MPa; 5 times | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2026_ice_cooled_ultra_high_performance_engineered_geopolymer | 2026 | Ice-cooled ultra-high performance engineered geopolymer composites for ambient temperature curing: Formulation, properties, and microscale investigation | 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100972 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; temperature and residual performance | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/high_strength_ecc.md | Ambient-cured I-UHPEGC achieves 142 MPa compressive strength, 10.88 MPa tensile strength, and 10.6–12.4 % direct tensile strain capacity | "W-V1.0 obtained compressive strength of 142 MPa and tensile strain capacity of 10.6%... W-V1.5 reached 10.88 MPa tensile strength and 77 μm crack width." | Page 100972:1 & 6 / Abstract & Sec 3.2 | Table 4, 5 / Figs. 8, 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2026-ice-cooled-ultra-high-performance-engineered-geopolymer_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2026-ice-cooled-ultra-high-performance-engineered-geopolymer_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2026-ice-cooled-ultra-high-performance-engineered-geopolymer_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca; thermal_or_impact_performance | EGC; AAS-ECC; UHP-ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; dynamic_impact_or_fatigue_test | 12.4 %; 10.6%; 142 MPa; 10.88 MPa; 77 μm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| nguyen_2026_ice_cooled_ultra_high_performance_engineered_geopolymer | 2026 | Ice-cooled ultra-high performance engineered geopolymer composites for ambient temperature curing: Formulation, properties, and microscale investigation | 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100972 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; temperature and residual performance | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | 02_concepts/strain_hardening_criteria.md | Single fiber pullout and micromechanical modeling confirm robust frictional pullout ($\tau_0 = 0.92\text{--}1.89\text{ MPa}$) and extreme energy indices ($PSHE = 9.74\text{--}12.85$) | "Fiber-matrix interface was governed by frictional bonds (0.92–1.89 MPa)... PSHS = 1.66–1.71 and PSHE = 9.74–12.85 satisfied robust strain-hardening criteria." | Page 100972:8–10 / Sec 3.3 & Conclusions | Table 6 / Figs. 14, 15 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/nguyen-2026-ice-cooled-ultra-high-performance-engineered-geopolymer_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/nguyen-2026-ice-cooled-ultra-high-performance-engineered-geopolymer_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/nguyen-2026-ice-cooled-ultra-high-performance-engineered-geopolymer_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | fiber_bridging; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | EGC; AAS-ECC; UHP-ECC | not_specified | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | single_fiber_pullout; self_healing_evaluation; thermal_environment_test; sustainability_assessment | 1.89 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| park_2022_comparison_of_mechanical_and_crack_healing | 2022 | Comparison of Mechanical and Crack-Healing Properties of PE-PVA Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced SHCCs in Natural and Underwater Conditions | 10.3390/ma15186339 | self-healing and crack recovery; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Hybrid PE-PVA SHCC exposed to outdoor weathering retains 7.74 % direct tensile strain capacity and 7.60 MPa tensile strength | "SHCC cured in natural conditions had compressive strength, tensile strength, and strain capacity lower by 10%, 4%, and 3% (7.74% vs 8.00%)." | Page 6339:1 & 7 / Abstract & Sec 3.1 | Table 5 / Fig. 4 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/park-2022-comparison-of-mechanical-and-crack-healing_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/park-2022-comparison-of-mechanical-and-crack-healing_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/park-2022-comparison-of-mechanical-and-crack-healing_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | ECC/SHCC_general | PVA; hybrid | not_specified | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 7.74 %; 10%; 4%; 3%; 7.74%; 8.00% | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| park_2022_comparison_of_mechanical_and_crack_healing | 2022 | Comparison of Mechanical and Crack-Healing Properties of PE-PVA Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced SHCCs in Natural and Underwater Conditions | 10.3390/ma15186339 | self-healing and crack recovery; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | Underwater immersion achieves a 60 $\mu\text{m}$ complete crack closure threshold, exhibiting 38.6x higher healing rate than natural outdoor exposure | "The value of $\gamma_r$ of M-W completely overwhelms M-O, being 38.6 times higher, with a healing threshold of 60 $\mu\text{m}$." | Page 6339:1 & 10 / Abstract & Sec 3.2 | Figs. 6, 7, 8 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/park-2022-comparison-of-mechanical-and-crack-healing_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/park-2022-comparison-of-mechanical-and-crack-healing_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/park-2022-comparison-of-mechanical-and-crack-healing_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; interface_tailoring; sustainability_lca | ECC/SHCC_general | PVA; hybrid | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 38.6x; 38.6 times | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| park_2022_comparison_of_mechanical_and_crack_healing | 2022 | Comparison of Mechanical and Crack-Healing Properties of PE-PVA Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced SHCCs in Natural and Underwater Conditions | 10.3390/ma15186339 | self-healing and crack recovery; fiber / interface / micromechanics; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/self_healing_ecc.md | Post-healing reloading confirms nearly 100 % tensile strength retention (7.54–7.72 MPa) and 5.8 % residual ductility in both curing environments | "For two mixtures, $f_{ts-h}$ was almost unchanged compared to $f_{ts}$ (7.72 MPa for M-W, 7.54 MPa for M-O) with $\approx 5.8\text{ \%}$ strain capacity." | Page 6339:12 & 14 / Section 3.4 & Conclusions | Table 7 / Figs. 10, 11 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/park-2022-comparison-of-mechanical-and-crack-healing_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/park-2022-comparison-of-mechanical-and-crack-healing_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/park-2022-comparison-of-mechanical-and-crack-healing_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 8: Self-Healing and Durability | pending_user_pdf | self_healing; interface_tailoring; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | ECC/SHCC_general | PVA; hybrid | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 100 %; 5.8 %; 7.72 MPa; 7.54 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| park_2023_cementless_ultra_ductile_composites_reinforced_by | 2023 | Cementless ultra-ductile composites reinforced by polyethylene-based short selvedge fibers for sustainable and resilient infrastructure | 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106198 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; recycled / waste-derived material ECC; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Replacing 100 % cement with alkali-activated binders and 100 % virgin fibers with PE selvage waste achieves 8.89–13.80 % tensile strain capacity | "Cementless composites reinforced by short selvedge fibers had high tensile strength over 7.0 MPa and ultra-ductility over 8.9% (up to 13.8% in AAF-S)." | Page 106198:1 & 5 / Abstract & Sec 3.1 | Table 5 / Fig. 4 & Fig. 5 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/park-2023-cementless-ultra-ductile-composites-reinforced-by_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/park-2023-cementless-ultra-ductile-composites-reinforced-by_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/park-2023-cementless-ultra-ductile-composites-reinforced-by_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC; EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE; recycled_selvage | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | 100 %; 13.80 %; 8.9%; 13.8%; 7.0 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| park_2023_cementless_ultra_ductile_composites_reinforced_by | 2023 | Cementless ultra-ductile composites reinforced by polyethylene-based short selvedge fibers for sustainable and resilient infrastructure | 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106198 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; recycled / waste-derived material ECC; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Dual byproduct replacement reduces raw material cost by 71–74 % and carbon emissions by 54–58 % vs M45 PVA-ECC | "The material costs of AAS-S and AAF-S mixtures were 254 $/m3 and 336 $/m3, 74.0% and 71.0% lower than AAS-P and AAF-P." | Page 106198:7 & 9 / Section 3.2 & Conclusions | Table 7 / Fig. 9 & Fig. 10 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/park-2023-cementless-ultra-ductile-composites-reinforced-by_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/park-2023-cementless-ultra-ductile-composites-reinforced-by_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/park-2023-cementless-ultra-ductile-composites-reinforced-by_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC; EGC; AAS-ECC; PVA-ECC | PE; PVA; recycled_selvage | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | 74 %; 58 %; 74.0%; 71.0%; 254 $/m3; 336 $/m3 | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| park_2023_cementless_ultra_ductile_composites_reinforced_by | 2023 | Cementless ultra-ductile composites reinforced by polyethylene-based short selvedge fibers for sustainable and resilient infrastructure | 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106198 | cementless / alkali-activated / geopolymer ECC; recycled / waste-derived material ECC; extreme ductility and tensile strain-hardening; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Cementless selvage fiber composites deliver 1.9–12 times higher tensile toughness per unit $\text{CO}_2$ (2.22 kJ/kg) than previous ductile composites | "The average tensile toughness per unit carbon dioxide emission of AAS-S and AAF-S mixtures were 2.22 kJ/kg, 1.9–12 times higher than previous composites." | Page 106198:9 & 11 / Section 3.2 | Fig. 11 / Section 3.2 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/park-2023-cementless-ultra-ductile-composites-reinforced-by_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/park-2023-cementless-ultra-ductile-composites-reinforced-by_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/park-2023-cementless-ultra-ductile-composites-reinforced-by_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 9: Green ECC | pending_user_pdf | strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC; EGC; AAS-ECC; PE-ECC | PE; recycled_selvage | alkali_activated; geopolymer/fly_ash | direct_tensile_test; sustainability_assessment | 12 times | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| park_2025_length_effects_of_pe_based_selvage | 2025 | Length effects of PE-based selvage fibers on fresh, fiber dispersion, and tensile properties of engineered cementitious composites | 10.1080/21650373.2024.2441432 | recycled / waste-derived material ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 15 mm recycled selvage fiber ECC (F-15) achieves 61.5 MPa compressive strength and 7.24 % direct tensile strain capacity with $80\ \mu\text{m}$ crack width | "The compressive strength, tensile strength, and tensile strain capacity of the F-15 mixture were 61.5 MPa, 8.04 MPa, and 7.24%." | Page 327:1 & 335 / Abstract & Conclusions | Table 5, 6, 8 / Fig. 10c | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/park-2025-length-effects-of-pe-based-selvage_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/park-2025-length-effects-of-pe-based-selvage_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/park-2025-length-effects-of-pe-based-selvage_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; fiber_dispersion; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC | recycled_selvage | not_specified | direct_tensile_test; compression_test; sustainability_assessment | 7.24 %; 7.24%; 15 mm; 61.5 MPa; 8.04 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| park_2025_length_effects_of_pe_based_selvage | 2025 | Length effects of PE-based selvage fibers on fresh, fiber dispersion, and tensile properties of engineered cementitious composites | 10.1080/21650373.2024.2441432 | recycled / waste-derived material ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | 04_material_systems/green_ecc.md | Even 5 mm ultra-short selvage fibers (F-5) sustain 5.13 % tensile strain capacity, outperforming standard M45 ECC | "The F-5 mixture exhibited tensile strain capacity of 5.13%, which is approximately two times higher than standard ECC." | Page 333 / Sec. 3.3 Tensile behavior | Table 6 / Fig. 10a, 13 | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/park-2025-length-effects-of-pe-based-selvage_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/park-2025-length-effects-of-pe-based-selvage_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/park-2025-length-effects-of-pe-based-selvage_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | fiber_dispersion; strain_hardening_criteria; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC | recycled_selvage | not_specified | direct_tensile_test; self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 5.13 %; 5.13%; 5 mm | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |
| park_2025_length_effects_of_pe_based_selvage | 2025 | Length effects of PE-based selvage fibers on fresh, fiber dispersion, and tensile properties of engineered cementitious composites | 10.1080/21650373.2024.2441432 | recycled / waste-derived material ECC; sustainability / cost / low-carbon positioning | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | 05_experiments/crack_width_distribution.md | Theoretical crack spacing model matches experimental spacing (1.12–1.61 mm) with back-calculated interfacial bond $\tau_0 = 1.132\text{ MPa}$ within 5.3 % error | "The best-fit frictional bond strength for minimizing difference between measured and theoretical crack spacing was 1.132 MPa with max error 5.3%." | Page 334 / Sec. 3.3 Cracking patterns | Table 8 / Eq. (3)–(4) | verified_from_pdf | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/source_notes/park-2025-length-effects-of-pe-based-selvage_source_note.md | 00_sources/by_lee_lab_publications/full_text/park-2025-length-effects-of-pe-based-selvage_full_text.md | 03_papers/by_lee_lab_publications/park-2025-length-effects-of-pe-based-selvage_paper_card.md | verified_from_pdf | Chapter 4: Micromechanics-Based Material Design | pending_user_pdf | crack_width_control; interface_tailoring; fiber_dispersion; sustainability_lca | recycled_selvage_ECC | recycled_selvage | not_specified | self_healing_evaluation; sustainability_assessment | 5.3 %; 5.3%; 1.61 mm; 1.132 MPa | direct_lab_publication | strong_quantitative_claim | verified_from_source_note_pending_user_pdf | high |